同位语可不可以指代一句话?

carollai

167.(Neanderthals had a vocal tract that resembled those of the apes) and so were probably without language, a shortcoming that may explain why they were supplanted by our own species.
(A) Neanderthals had a vocal tract that resembled those of the apes
(B) Neanderthals had a vocal tract resembling an ape’s
(C) The vocal tracts of Neanderthals resembled an ape’s
(D) The Neanderthal’s vocal tracts resembled the apes’
(E) The vocal tracts of the Neanderthals resembled those of the apes
答案：B

that作为同位语,前面应该要有一个明确的指代词吧,但是找不到呀!!!莫非同位语也可以指代一句话were probably without language了么?如果这个解释是对的话，这句话就我打破了我之前认为同位语必须有名词的结构对应的想法。还是说把同位语就当成一个名词来用,用一个名词来指代之前的一句话么?

boussoler

这个是叫概括性同位语 a shortcoming...概括总结前一句话.

hugewaters

那请问楼主 a shortcoming...做什么成分？ 难道不是前一句的同位语？

moodraie

that从句同为修饰的是shortcoming，同位语不能同为修饰句子的，所以必须用一个名词先把那个句子概括出来.....

alohabrian

很多这样的结构 参考Prep2的例子
 

69.   (28208-!-item-!-188;#058&003886)

 

Sixty-five million years ago, according to some scientists, an asteroid bigger than Mount Everest slammed into North America, which, causing plant and animal extinctions, marks the end of the geologic era known as the Cretaceous Period.

(A) which, causing plant and animal extinctions, marks

(B) which caused the plant and animal extinctions marking

(C) and causing plant and animal extinctions that mark

(D) an event that caused plant and animal extinctions, and it marks

(E) an event that caused the plant and animal extinctions that mark

 

alohabrian

Appositive的对应词究竟是谁？
关键看你怎么理解。 你可以把 a shortcoming看成是 vocal tract的同位语，对其作补充。Appositive的用法，有很多：有解释性，补充性的。

Appostive同位语是可以做 discontinous modifier的，可以和 对应词 隔着很远。

也可以，看成句末只出现一个名词，对前句内容做补充。做整句的同位结构。