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补充jw的提问：13-1-25，26
25. All actors are exuberant people and all exuberant people are extroverts, but nevertheless it is true that some shy people are actors.
If the statements above are true, each of the following must also be true EXCEPT:
(A) Some shy people are extroverts.
(B) Some shy extroverts are not actors.
(C) Some exuberant people who are actors are shy.
(D) All people who are not extroverts are not actors.
(E) Some extroverts are shy.
The answer is B, why not D?
26. Science Academy study: It has been demonstrated that with natural methods, some well-managed farms are able to reduce the amounts of synthetic fertilizer and pesticide and also of antibiotics they use without necessarily decreasing yields; in some cases yields can be increased.
Critics: Not so. The farms the academy selected to study were the ones that seemed most likely to be successful in using natural methods. What about the farmers who have tried such methods and failed?
Which one of the following is the most adequate evaluation of the logical force of the critics’
response?
(A) Success and failure in farming are rarely due only to luck, because farming is the management of chance occurrences.
(B) The critics show the result of the study would have been different if twice as many farms had been studied.
(C) The critics assume without justification that the failures were not due to soil quality.
(D) The critics demonstrate that natural methods are not suitable for the majority of framers.
(E) The issue is only to show that something is possible, so it is not relevant whether the instances studied were representative
The answer is E, why not B?
25。从条件可知，All actors are extroverts
问：哪一项must be true而不是can be true？
d必对，为此命题的逆否命题
b不一定，可以是all extroverts are actors
26。B不符合critics的意思，并没说调查两倍，结果就会不同。
E相当准确。仅有可能性，但不能反映出它的可代表性。
lsat14-IV-14
14. Some of the world's most beautiful cats are Persian cats. However, it must be acknowledged that all Persian cats are pompous, and pompous cats are invariably irritating.
If the statements above are true, each of the following must also be true on the basis of them EXCEPT:
(A) Some of the world's most beautiful cats are irritating
(B) Some irritating cats are among the world's most beautiful cats
(C) Any cat that is not irritating is not a Persian cat
(D) Some pompous cats are among the world's most beautiful cats
(E) Some irritating and beautiful cats are not Persian cats
why E not C?这种题目有无妙法可解？
题目的意思是：所有的Persian==>pompous,而且所有的pompous==>irritating
所以：Some irritating are not Persian 错！
妙解不知道，有这样的一句话
弄清推理关系，把握some,all。
lsat15-IV-13
13. "addiction" has been defined as "dependence on and abuse of a psychoactive substance" Dependence and abuse do not always go hand in hand, however. For example, cancer patients can become dependent on morphine to relieve their pain, but this is not abusing the drug. Correspondingly, a person can abuse a drug without being dependent on it. Therefore, the definition of "addiction" is incorrect.
The relevance of the example of cancer patients to the argument depends on the assumption that
(A) cancer patients never abuse morphine
(B) cancer patients often become dependent on morphine
(C) cancer patients who are dependent on morphine are addicted to it
(D) cancer patients who abuse a drug are dependent on it
(E) cancer patients cannot depend on morphine without abusing it
why C not A?
结论是：addiction定义不准确。它既要dependence，又要abuse
反驳的证据：cancer patients 有dependence，但没有abuse。
证据要与结论相关，要这样的假设：cancer patients 有dependence的为addiction
答案A不是假设，只是把证据内容又强调了一下。
jianyan的提问
10—1—3
3. Balance is particularly important when reporting the background of civil wars and conflicts. Facts must not be deliberately manipulated to show one party in a favorable light, and the views of each side should be fairly represented. This concept of balance, however, does not justify concealing or glossing over basic injustices in an effort to be even-handled. If all the media were to adopt such a perverse interpretation of balanced reporting, the public would be given a picture of a world where each party in every conflict had an equal measure of justice on its side, contrary to our experience of life and, indeed, our common sense.
Which one of the following best expresses the main point of the argument?
(A) Balanced reporting presents the public with a picture of the world in which all sides to a conflict have equal justification.
(B) Balanced reporting requires impartially revealing injustices where they occur no less than fairly presenting the views of each party in a conflict.
(C) Our experience of life shows that there are indeed cases in which conflicts arise because of an injustice, with one party clearly in the wrong.
(D) Common sense tells us that balance is especially needed when reporting the background of civil wars and conflicts.
(E) Balanced reporting is an ideal that cannot be realized, because judgments of balance are necessarily subjective.
此题选b。
关键是要看清结论：这种平衡报道并不能给下面这种做法提供理由：
试图公平而去隐藏或者忽略不公平。
b。平衡报道需要在这种情况下去揭示公平，
就是当对每一方观点不公平报道多与公平报道的时候。 |
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