大概了解了, 是不是说
就是说黑鸟的繁殖成功率的提高不是得宜于筑巢经历,而是由于它们下成活率高的蛋的能力随每次successive trial提高了, so 不是benefit their nesting experience
而这trial是不是equal to “nesting” 但还是不了解有何weaken之处?
test2-Section II-18.
18.Learning how to build a nest plays an important part in the breeding success of birds. For example, Dr. Snow has recorded the success of a number of blackbirds in several successive years. He finds that birds nesting for the first time are less successful in breeding than are older birds, and also less successful than they themselves are a year later. This cannot be a mere matter of size and strength, since blackbirds, like the great majority of birds, are fully grown when they leave the nest. it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that they benefit by their nesting experience.
Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument?
Why the ans is :
(B) The capacity of blackbirds to lay viable eggs increases with each successive trial during the first few years of reproduction.
to bessette :
9。题目,问题都不全
Paleontologists have discovered fossils of centipedes that are 414 million years older。These fossiles are at least 20 million years older than the earliest land-dwelling animals previously identified. The paleontologists are confident that these centipedes lived on land, even though the fossilized centipedes were discovered in rock that also contained fossilized remained of animals known to be water-dwelling.
The paleontologists's view would be LEAST supported by the truth of which one of the following?
21。不全
Disregarding syllable count, they generally call any three-line English poem with a" haiku feel" a haiku. This demonstrates that English poets have little respect for foreign traditions, even those from which some of their own poetry derives.”
15-2-21:
21. In response to high mortality in area hospitals, surgery was restricted to emergency procedures during a five-week period. Mortality in these hospitals was found to have fallen by nearly one-third during the period. The number of deaths rose again when elective surgery (surgery that can be postponed) was resumed. It can be concluded that ,before the five --week period, the risks of elective surgery had been incurred unnecessarily often in the area.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the conclusion above?
(A) The conclusions for which elective surgery was performed would in the long run have been life-threatening, and surgery for them would have become riskier with time.
(B) The physicians planning elective surgery performed before the five-week period had fully informed the patients who would undergo it of the possible risks of the procedures.
(C) Before the suspension of elective surgery, surgical operations were performed in area hospitals at a higher rate, per thousand residents of the area, than was usual elsewhere.
(D) Elective surgery is, in general, less risky than is emergency surgery because the conditions requiring or indicating surgery are often less severe.
(E) Even if a surgical procedure is successful, the patient can die of a hospital-contracted infection with a bacterium that is resistant to antibiotic treatment.
答案 A。为什么D不行
15-2-15
Zachary: One world have to be blind to the reality of moral obligation to deny that people who believe a course of action to be morally obligatory for them have both the right and the duty to pursue that action, and that no one else has any right to stop them form doing so.
Cynthia: But imagine an artist who feels morally obliged to do whatever she can to prevent works of art from being destroyed confronting a morally committed antipornography demonstrator engaged in destroying artworks he deems pornographic. According to your principle that artist has, simultaneously, both the right and the duty to stop the destruction and no right whatsoever to stop it.
15. Which one of the following, if substituted for the scenario invoked by Cynthia, would preserve the force of her argument?
(A) a medical researcher who feels a moral obligation not to claim sole credit for work that was performed in part by someone else confronting another researcher who feels no such moral obligation
(B) a manufacturer who feels a moral obligation to recall potentially dangerous products confronting a consumer advocate who feels morally obliged to expose product defects
(C) an investment baker who believes that governments are morally obliged to regulate major industries confronting and investment banker who holds that governments nave a moral obligation not to interfere with market forces
(D) an architect who feels amoral obligation to design only energy-efficient buildings confronting, as a potential client, a corporation that believes its primary moral obligation is to maximize shareholder profits
(E) a health inspector who feels morally obliged to enforce restrictions on the number of cats a householder may keep confronting a householder who, feeling morally obliged to keep every stray that comes along ,has over twice that number of cats