The Rienzi, a passenger ship, sank as a result of a hole in its hull, possibly caused by sabotage. Normally when a holed ship sinks as rapidly as the Rienzi did, water does not enter the ship quickly enough for the ship to be fully flooded when it reaches the ocean floor. Full flooding can be achieved, however, by sabotage. Any ship that sinks deep into the ocean when not fully flooded will implode. Deep-sea photographs of the Rienzi where it rests on the ocean floor, reveal that it did not implode. Which one of the following must be true on the basis of the information above?
A) The Rienzi was so constructed as to reduce the risk of sinking by impact.
B) If the Rienzi became fully flooded, it did so only after it reached the ocean floor.
C) If the Rienzi was not sunk by sabotage, water flooded into it unusually fast.
D) If the Rienzi had sunk more slowly it would have imploded.
E) The Rienzi was so strongly constructed as to resist imploding under deep-sea pressure.
选C。为什么是C？
Nearly all mail that is correctly addressed arrives at its destination within two business days of being sent. In fact, correctly addressed mail takes longer than this only when it is damaged in transit. Overall, however, most mail arrives three business days or more after being sent. If the statements above are true, which one of the following must be true?
A) A large proportion of the mail that is correctly addressed is damaged in transit.
B) No incorrectly addressed mail arrives within two business days of being sent.
C) Most mail that arrives within two business days of being sent is correctly addressed.
D) A large proportion of mail is incorrectly addressed.
E) More mail arrives within two business days of being sent than arrives between two and three business days after being sent.
选D。为什么选A就不对？
Some philosophers of science claim that no serious scientific theory can be tested experimentally without taking for granted some other body of scientific beliefs, for we cannot interpret any experimental results without relying on such beliefs. If this is true, then which of the following conclusions seems most likely?
A) Any particular scientific theory can be consistently retained, even in the face of apparently incompatible evidence, if we are willing to give up certain other scientific beliefs.
B) Experimental evidence is really irrelevant to scientific theorizing.
C) Experimental evidence is more relevant to the testing of scientific theories than to their initial formulation.
D) Experimental evidence is more relevant to the initial formulation of scientific theories than to their testing.
E) The best scientific theories are those which are formulated in such a way as to be subject to conclusive experimental refutation.
选A。 我不太理解为什么选它。
Mr. Frank loren owns a house in the small town of Rayleigh Harbor. None of the residents of Rayleigh Harbor pay any local property taxes anywhere else. Also, Rayleigh Hargbor exempts residents from local property taxes on their homes if they are over 70 years of age.
Which of the following must also be true?
A) Mr. Loren pays no local rpoperty tax in Rayleigh Harbor though he may pay such taxes elsewhere.
B) Mr. Loren pays no local property taxes anywhere
C) If Mr. Loren is over 70 years of age, he pays no local property taxes anywhere
D) If Mr. Loren is over 70 years of age, he pays no local property taxes in Rayleigh Harbor but perhaps he does elsewhere
E) None of the preceding conclusions follow from the stated assumptions
The answer is E. Why choose E and what is meaning of “Rayleigh Hargbor exempts residents from local property taxes on their homes if they are over 70 years of age.”?
Susan: The President claims to understand the problems faced by the poor. I think he's being hypocritical. The President came from a wealthy family and has never had to work for a living or suffer the problems of poverty.
Paul: Your reasoning is faulty. After all, you yourself come from a comfortably middle-class family and have never been poor either.
Which of the following possible responses by Susan would most directly address Paul's criticism?
A) I am not the President, so understanding and solving the problems faced by the poor is not my responsibility.
B) It isn't always necessary to have personal experience of a problem to understand what the problem is like.
C) I never claimed to understand the problems faced by the poor, but the President has made such a claim.
D) It is true that I have never been poor, but I have never been as wealthy as the President is, either.
E) My family was a poor immigrant family as little as fifty years ago; all they have was earned through their own hard work.
选C。 为什么A不行？
In a monogamous culture, 90% of the adults are married. The average number of children per family is five and over-population is a threat. Programs to encourage birth-control have been ineffective. It has been suggested that this failure is due to these programs ignoring a tradition that values male children very highly, so that every parent wants to have at least one son. It is proposed that couples be encouraged to use birth-control measures after the birth of their first son. If this proposal is widely accepted in the culture, we may expect that:
A) the rate of population increase will be slowed, and future generations will contain a disproportionately high number of females.
B) the rate of population increase will be slowed, and the gender balance in future generations will remain as it is at present.
C) the rate of population growth will remain the same, and future generations will contain a disproportionately high number of females.
D) there will be no significant effect either on population growth or on gender balance.
E) the population will decline precipitously, because approximately half of all families will have only a single child.
选B。为什么性别平衡不变作者: tongxun 时间: 2002-6-20 17:18
1、The Rienzi, a passenger ship, sank as a result of a hole in its hull, possibly caused by sabotage. Normally when a holed ship sinks as rapidly as the Rienzi did, water does not enter the ship quickly enough for the ship to be fully flooded when it reaches the ocean floor. Full flooding can be achieved, however, by sabotage. Any ship that sinks deep into the ocean when not fully flooded will implode. Deep-sea photographs of the Rienzi where it rests on the ocean floor, reveal that it did not implode. Which one of the following must be true on the basis of the information above?
A) The Rienzi was so constructed as to reduce the risk of sinking by impact.
文章一直在谈论恶意破坏、沉船、进水、爆裂的关系。所以，此选项无关
B) If the Rienzi became fully flooded, it did so only after it reached the ocean floor.
文章中没说“只有”当船到海底时才进满水！而是说，按他沉的速度算，到达海底时他不应该进满水
C) If the Rienzi was not sunk by sabotage, water flooded into it unusually fast.
沉的快---不会进满水---爆裂，但R没爆裂、而且沉的速度快---恶意破坏；若不是恶意破坏，那他沉的速度就太邪乎了。
D) If the Rienzi had sunk more slowly it would have imploded.
与文章所将相反。
E) The Rienzi was so strongly constructed as to resist imploding under deep-sea pressure. 与A一样无关作者: tongxun 时间: 2002-6-20 17:30
Nearly all mail that is correctly addressed arrives at its destination within two business days of being sent. In fact, correctly addressed mail takes longer than this only when it is damaged in transit. Overall, however, most mail arrives three business days or more after being sent. If the statements above are true, which one of the following must be true?
A) A large proportion of the mail that is correctly addressed is damaged in transit.
B) No incorrectly addressed mail arrives within two business days of being sent.
C) Most mail that arrives within two business days of being sent is correctly addressed.
D) A large proportion of mail is incorrectly addressed.
E) More mail arrives within two business days of being sent than arrives between two and three business days after being sent.
选D。为什么选A就不对？
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首先，题目先讲的是信的一部分“地址正确的”；后口风一转，就讲所有的信怎样怎样。ETS的小花招而已，只要你留心集合问题、结论不能倒推、绝对语言这三个问题，这样的题目一点问题都没有。
A、你怎么知道“地址正确”的信在总信中占的比例？少，则most mail arrives three business days or more after being sent错；占绝大多数，则most mail arrives three business days or more after being sent对
D、就不用说了吧作者: tongxun 时间: 2002-6-20 18:00
Some philosophers of science claim that no serious scientific theory can be tested experimentally without taking for granted some other body of scientific beliefs, for we cannot interpret any experimental results without relying on such beliefs. If this is true, then which of the following conclusions seems most likely?
A) Any particular scientific theory can be consistently retained, even in the face of apparently incompatible evidence, if we are willing to give up certain other scientific beliefs.
文章说，没有任何的科学理论不以来科学信念。因此，科学信念是不可能一个都没有的。但有些科学的信念与科学理论一致，而有些则不一致。所以，当有些科学信念与另一些不一样是，肯定会有一些被废除，而另一些则会保留（那与他一致的科学理论也会保留下来）作者: tongxun 时间: 2002-6-20 18:10
Mr. Frank loren owns a house in the small town of Rayleigh Harbor. None of the residents of Rayleigh Harbor pay any local property taxes anywhere else. Also, Rayleigh Hargbor exempts residents from local property taxes on their homes if they are over 70 years of age.
Which of the following must also be true?
A) Mr. Loren pays no local rpoperty tax in Rayleigh Harbor though he may pay such taxes elsewhere.
若MR。L是RH的居民呢？
B) Mr. Loren pays no local property taxes anywhere
若MR。L不是RH的居民呢？（只是有房在那里）
C) If Mr. Loren is over 70 years of age, he pays no local property taxes anywhere
若不是RH居民呢？
D) If Mr. Loren is over 70 years of age, he pays no local property taxes in Rayleigh Harbor but perhaps he does elsewhere
若是RH的居民呢？
E) None of the preceding conclusions follow from the stated assumptions
The answer is E. Why choose E and what is meaning of “Rayleigh Hargbor exempts residents from local property taxes on their homes if they are over 70 years of age.”?
RH镇免除超过70岁居民的房屋财产税。作者: tongxun 时间: 2002-6-20 18:15
Susan: The President claims to understand the problems faced by the poor. I think he's being hypocritical. The President came from a wealthy family and has never had to work for a living or suffer the problems of poverty.
Paul: Your reasoning is faulty. After all, you yourself come from a comfortably middle-class family and have never been poor either.
Which of the following possible responses by Susan would most directly address Paul's criticism?
A) I am not the President, so understanding and solving the problems faced by the poor is not my responsibility.
但SUSAN自己的论据是总统没受过苦。S也没受过苦她也不了解穷人的苦。
B) It isn't always necessary to have personal experience of a problem to understand what the problem is like.
直接驳斥S的论调
C) I never claimed to understand the problems faced by the poor, but the President has made such a claim.
“我没说我了解”。直接驳斥了P论调后面的意思：你了解吗？
D) It is true that I have never been poor, but I have never been as wealthy as the President is, either. 与S的论调不和
E) My family was a poor immigrant family as little as fifty years ago; all they have was earned through their own hard work. 与S的论调不和
选C。 为什么A不行？作者: tongxun 时间: 2002-6-20 18:24
A) the rate of population increase will be slowed, and future generations will contain a disproportionately high number of females.
B) the rate of population increase will be slowed, and the gender balance in future generations will remain as it is at present.
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最后一题，用排除法盛夏了A、B两个。关于A、B的排除具体我说不清楚，但觉得A不对，原因有2：1）太符合常人所想，ETS不会这么善待考生的；2）将来可能会出现的家庭规模（孩子数）：1、2、3、4、5。。。由于各数字所占的人口比例不知道，所以不能随便说，女多于男作者: sunny 时间: 2002-7-7 18:08
