标题: Pls. help me to analyze these questions. Thanks in advance. [打印本页] 作者: mayrrain 时间: 2002-11-6 06:01 标题: Pls. help me to analyze these questions. Thanks in advance.
1. Any person who drops out of high school will be unemployed unless he or she finds a low-paying job or has relative with good business connections.
Which one of the following conclusions CANNOT be validly drawn from the statement above?
(A) Any person who drops out of high school will be unemployed, have a low-paying job, or have relatives with good business connections.
(B) Any high school dropout who has neither a low-paying job nor relatives with good business connections will be unemployed.
(C) Any employed person who has neither a low-paying job nor relatives with good business connections is not a high school dropout.
(D) Any high school dropout who has a job that is not low-paying must have relatives with good business connections.
(E) Any person who has relatives with good business connections and who is not a high school dropout must be employed at a job that is not low-paying.
pls. analyze A.D.E.
2. Our society overestimates the contributions of science to the quest for knowledge. Independent of whether great strides have been made in the ability to predict natural events, knowledge at any deeper level, knowledge of things we cannot experience directly, is as illusory as ever. Such knowledge is illusory because incompatible theories may always be postulated to explain observations. How can we "know" which one is correct? Further observations may narrow the possibilities, but there are alwaysalternatives, at least in principle. Who is to say that today's theories will fare any better than those which, though once accepted, were replaced by wholly different conceptions, of nature? It is the height of gullibility or presumption to invest special credence in the current scientific fashion.
Which one of the following claims is central to the author's argument?
(A) Alternative explanations are possible for any set of observations about nature.
(B) Science has made substantial progress in the ability to predict natural events.
(C) Science has developed so many theories that it is impossible to know which ones to believe.
(D) It is important that scientists distinguish between prediction and explanation.
(E) The judgment of scientists as to which theories to accept is suspect, as they tend to follow the latest scientific fashion.
pls. anzlyze A.D.E.
3. The West does not escape the effects of its relationship with the non-Western world. Even as an individual fails to develop fully without constant interaction with an equal, a tradition of thought loses vitality and lacks the capacity for rigorous self-criticism without the probing presence of an authentic "other." In the absence of constant and critical dialogue with other traditions. Western thought remains parochial, commonplace, and narrow.
Which one of the following techniques of argument does the author use in the passage?
(A) identifying a point of similarity between two different states of affairs
(B) reconciling two opposed sets of circumstances with each other
(C) identifying a conclusion that has no supporting argument
(D) deriving a conclusion from a set of conflicting assumptions
(E) taking advantage of inconsistencies in the definition of a critical term
pls. analyze A.D.
4. The existentialists are right about one thing we are alone, radically alone. The proof is obvious. Suppose you were born with a physiology that permitted you to perceive only negative images, that is, you saw black where everyone else saw white and white where everyone else saw black. Nevertheless, you would learn to call what you saw as black by the name "white" because this is what you would be taught, and there would be no way that you could discover your error.
Which one of the following can be validly inferred from the statements in the argument above?
(A) Some people are born with reversed perceptions of black and white, and they cannot discover this
(B) People with reversed perceptions of black and white would not choose their words any differently from anyone else
(C) Existentialism is a sound philosophy, as is amply demonstrated by the physiology of color perception.
(D) The existentialists claim that some people are born with reversed perceptions of black and white.
(E) The existentialists claim that people mean different things when they use the words "black" and "white."
pls. analyze A.B.C.作者: zyh79 时间: 2002-11-6 17:11
