137. A study of marital relationships in which one partner's

sleeping and waking cycles differ from those of the other partner

reveals that such couples share fewer activities with each other

and have more violent arguments than do couples in a relationship

in which both partners follow the same sleeping and waking

patterns. Thus, mismatched sleeping and waking cycles can seriously

jeopardize a marriage.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the

argument above?

(A) Married couples in which both spouses follow the same sleeping

and waking patterns also occasionally have arguments than can

jeopardize the couple's marriage.

178. In countries in which new life-sustaining drugs cannot be

patented, such drugs are sold at widely affordable prices; those

same drugs, where patented, command premium prices because the

patents shield patent-holding manufacturers from competitors. These

facts show that future access to new life-sustaining drugs can be

improved if the practice of granting patents on newly developed

life-sustaining drugs were to be abolished everywhere.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the

argument?

(D) Pharmaceutical companies can afford the research that goes into

the development of new drugs only if patents allow them to earn

high profits. D

请教：上题中的选项我理解都是他因，为什么在137中不对而在178中就成了

正确选项呢？请NN出手解释一下！谢谢！

137是反因果削弱. 两道题的解题方法不同. 请楼主搜索一下相关题目. 有很多讨论的.

以往的讨论都是分开的，而且我也诶看明白，所以在这里一并贴出来，看的方便些。

问题：根据什么判断解题方法，我想这是关键问题。谢谢关注！