国际顶尖MBA申请交流平台--TOPWAY MBA

标题: prep1 essay9 32 [打印本页]

作者: YuukiChan 时间: 2013-5-22 17:25 标题: prep1 essay9 32

第一遍做通篇全错。

仔细研究了一下，还是不明白最后一道题目的意思。恳请大家帮忙。

Essay #9.
148

In a new book about the antiparty feeling of the early political leaders of the United States, Ralph Ketcham argues that the first six Presidents differed decisively from later Presidents because the first six held values inherited from the classical humanist tradition of eighteenth-century England. In this view, government was designed not to satisfy the private desires of the people but to make them better citizens; this tradition stressed the disinterested devotion of political leaders to the public good.
Justice, wisdom, and courage were more important qualities in a leader than the ability to organize voters and win elections.
Indeed, leaders were supposed to be called to office rather than to run for office.
And if they took up the burdens of public office with a sense of duty, leaders also believed that such offices were naturally their due because of their social preeminence or their contributions to the country.
Given this classical conception of leadership, it is not surprising that the first six Presidents condemned political parties.
Parties were partial by definition, self-interested, and therefore serving something other than the transcendent public good.

Even during the first presidency (Washington's), however, the classical conception of virtuous leadership was being undermined by commercial forces that had been gathering since at least the beginning of the eighteenth century.
Commerce--its profit-making, its self-interestedness, its individualism--became the enemy of these classical ideals.
Although Ketcham does not picture the struggle in quite this way, he does rightly see Jackson's tenure (the seventh presidency) as the culmination of the acceptance of party, commerce, and individualism.
For the Jacksonians, nonpartisanship lost its relevance, and under the direction of Van Buren, party gained a new legitimacy.
The classical ideals of the first six Presidents became identified with a privileged aristocracy, an aristocracy that had to be overcome in order to allow competition between opposing political interests.
Ketcham is so strongly committed to justifying the classical ideals, however, that he underestimates the advantages of their decline.
For example, the classical conception of leadership was incompatible with our modern notion of the freedoms of speech and press, freedoms intimately associated with the legitimacy of opposing political parties.

Question #29.

The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) describing and comparing two theories about the early history of the United States

(B) describing and analyzing an argument about the early history of the United States

(C) discussing new evidence that qualifies a theory about the early history of the United States

(D) refuting a theory about political leadership in the United States

(E) resolving an ambiguity in an argument about political leadership in the United States

Question #30.

According to the passage, the author and Ketcham agree on which of the following points?

(A) The first six Presidents held the same ideas about political parties as did later Presidents in the United States.

(B) Classical ideals supported the growth of commercial forces in the United States.

(C) The first political parties in the United States were formed during Van Buren's term in office.

(D) The first six Presidents placed great emphasis on individualism and civil rights.

(E) Widespread acceptance of political parties occurred during Andrew Jackson's presidency.

Question #31.

It can be inferred that the author of the passage would be most likely to agree that modern views of the freedoms of speech and press are

(A) values closely associated with the beliefs of the aristocracy of the early United States

(B) political rights less compatible with democracy and individualism than with classical ideals

(C) political rights uninfluenced by the formation of opposing political parties

(D) values not inherent in the classical humanist tradition of eighteenth-century England

(E) values whose interpretation would have been agreed on by all United States Presidents

Question #32.

Which of the following, if true, provides the LEAST support for the author's argument about commerce and political parties during Jackson's presidency?

(A) Many supporters of Jackson resisted the commercialization that could result from participation in a national economy.

(B) Protest against the corrupt and partisan nature of political parties in the United States subsided during Jackson's presidency.

(C) During Jackson's presidency the use of money became more common than bartering of goods and services.

(D) More northerners than southerners supported Jackson because southerners were opposed to the development of a commercial economy.

(E) Andrew Jackson did not feel as strongly committed to the classical ideals of leadership as George Washington had felt.

作者: chaos1026 时间: 2013-5-23 06:42

Question #32.

Which of the following, if true, provides the LEAST support for the author's argument about commerce and political parties during Jackson's presidency?

(A) Many supporters of Jackson resisted the commercialization that could result from participation in a national economy.

(B) Protest against the corrupt and partisan nature of political parties in the United States subsided during Jackson's presidency.

(C) During Jackson's presidency the use of money became more common than bartering of goods and services.

(D) More northerners than southerners supported Jackson because southerners were opposed to the development of a commercial economy.

(E) Andrew Jackson did not feel as strongly committed to the classical ideals of leadership as George Washington had felt.

請問一下如何知道(A)weaken?? 本篇沒提到national economy呀?

            如何知道(C)support?? 本篇沒提到以物易物呀?

請問一下如何知道(A)weaken?? 本篇沒提到national economy呀?

            如何知道(C)support?? 本篇沒提到以物易物呀?

作者: JessicaHuo 时间: 2013-5-23 18:53

这个32题我也是一头雾水, 不过问题和楼上的不一样, 到是可以讲一下!

A倒是weaken了, 既然是jackson的supporter,那就应该和jackson理念一样,人家jackson倾向于商业化,这些supporters却resist,显然是weaken了.

C也是support了,虽然没有提到batering,但是显然钱的使用相比较batering是一种commercialization的进步.

不过,我的问题到是,B是怎么体现出来的呢??这个真不明白!请NN

作者: sophieMOON 时间: 2013-5-24 06:26

(B) Protest against the corrupt and partisan nature of political parties in the United States subsided during Jackson's presidency.

这个B项偶还是不太明白,想了一天了,头都裂了!!!!

哪里有什么protest against the corrupt,从头至尾文中都没有这些信息.

而且文中讲的是JACKSON在任时,商业化达到顶峰,那应该是protest更多才对啊, 怎么会subside了呢????

作者: cherryser 时间: 2013-5-24 21:16

he does rightly see Jackson's tenure (the seventh presidency) as the culmination of the acceptance of party, commerce, and individualism.
(A) Many supporters of Jackson resisted the commercialization that could result from participation in a national economy.
Jackson的支持者反对商业化，削弱
(B) Protest against the corrupt and partisan nature of political parties in the United States
subsided during Jackson's presidency.

反对腐败和党派政治的势力在Jackson任职期间式微，支持

Jackson任职期间货币适用更频繁——商业化，（也可以看成无关选项）

(D) More northerners than southerners supported Jackson because southerners were opposed to the development of a commercial economy.
Jackson的北方支持者更多，反对商业经济的南方支持者少，支持
(E) Andrew Jackson did not feel as strongly committed to the classical ideals of leadership as George Washington had felt.

Jackson不象Washington那么忠于古典理想主义（非党派政治），支持

作者: jingjane 时间: 2013-5-25 16:11

话说这篇文章脉络是什么。。有nn提示一下吗？完全没看懂不知道在说什么

作者: cynthia129 时间: 2013-5-27 06:20

整个文章的结构是先描述某人在他的书中argue的关于parties演变过程中的观点，最后指出他的这个argument中存在的问题。

而这个argument呢，又分为两步，第一步是描述前6为总统为什么不喜欢党派政治，第二步描述党派政治为什么会受到欢迎，以及怎么从第7任总统开始发展起来的。

我比ls以及ls的ls要好一些，至少这最后一道题作对了，哈哈。其他的还不知道答案是什么。

作者: dontwanna 时间: 2013-5-27 18:54

虽然是老题了，我也错了，贡献下我的理解：
he does rightly see Jackson's tenure (the seventh presidency) as the culmination顶点of the acceptance of party, commerce, and individualism.他的确看到了J的任期内，政党、商业、个人的支持达到了最高点。
(A) Many supporters of Jackson resisted the commercialization that could result from participation in a national economy. 他的支持者却不支持商业化 least support
(B) Protest against the corrupt and partisan nature of political parties in the United States subsided消失during Jackson's presidency. 反对他的人逐渐消失了，支持
(C) During Jackson's presidency the use of money became more common than bartering of goods and services. Jackson 任职期间货币使用更频繁——商业化，支持
(D) More northerners than southerners supported Jackson because southerners were opposed to the development of a commercial economy.
北方支持者更多，反对商业经济的南方支持者少，支持
(E) Andrew Jackson did not feel as strongly committed to the classical ideals of leadership as George Washington had felt.
Jackson不象Washington那么忠于古典理想主义（非党派政治），支持
所以应该选A

作者: echoetmoi 时间: 2013-5-30 19:06

这个题我也错了，转载一个老外的解释

Got a PM requesting that I look at this. Tough one!

Summary of passage:
P1
K argues that 1st 6 Ps differed for later Ps b/c 1st 6 had values from "classical humanist" (CH) tradition.
CH: gov't to make people better citizens. public good. NOT private desires / interests. Called to office; not supposed to run. Didn't like political parties b/c partial, self-interested.

P2
BUT, from start, CH was undermined by commerce. K does "rightly" show this from 7th P forward. Things became more partisan. CH became assoc. with privilege, aristocracy. K likes CH and doesn't realize it had drawbacks too. Eg, CH incompatible with freedom of speech, etc.

General point: CH was both good and bad, not all good as K argues

Question: what doesn't support the AUTHOR'S argument about commerce during J's presidency? This is sort of a cross between RC and a classic CR question - rare on the GMAT, but they can happen. So we have to respond accordingly. Take each statement and imagine that the author of the passage added it to the second paragraph - would that help the author's argument? If so, it's not the right answer.

Note: the passage author's argument - not Ketcham's POV.
look in P2
passage says:
"Jackson's tenure [was] the culmination of the acceptance of party, commerce, and individualism."
culmination = something that started before that point in time but really peaked at that time.
"nonpartisanship lost its relevance"
"under VanBuren, [the] party gained a new legitimacy"

Because the question is a LEAST question, four of the answers should provide support for the author's argument and one should not.

A) Jackson was for commerce. That wouldn't make much sense if "many" of his supporters were against it / resisted it.

B) Jackson's tenure was characterized by "the acceptance of party" whereas, prior to that time, "parties were partial, self-interested... serving something other than the transcendent public good." So if people didn't protest parties as much during his presidency, that would make sense - political parties were now accepted.

C) Jackson's tenure was also characterized by "the acceptance of... commerce." If people started using money more during Jackson's tenure, then that would make sense because commerce was now more accepted.

D) Jackson supported commerce. Groups that did support commerce would likely be for Jackson, then, and groups that did not support commerce would most likely NOT be for Jackson. If the southerners didn't like commerce, then it would make sense that they didn't support Jackson as much.

E) According to the passage, Washington was a proponent of CH. Jackson was not - he supported commerce, political parties, etc. CH is described in the passage as the "classical" point of view. Therefore, it makes sense to say that Jackson was not as strong a supporter of the classical POV as Washington was.

作者: YuukiChan 时间: 2013-5-31 06:32

Manhattan的老外总结的很不错嘛！而且也用诸如CH这样的缩写，在逻辑中many - wouldn't make much sense讲得很好！

作者: henguc 时间: 2013-6-3 19:02

Q32  what is author's argument about commerce and political parties during Jackson's presidency?

答案定位 Jackson's tenure(the seventh presidency) as the culmination of the acceptance of party,commerce, and individualism.

找到作者观点后，就可以判断是support or weaken了。作者认为在Jackson的任期是对政党，商业和个人主义接受的程度最高的时期。

A.    Many supporters of Jackson resisted thecommercialization that could result from participation in a national economy.
很多Jackson的支持者反对商业化（weaken）

B.    Protest against the corrupt and partisan nature of political parties in the United States subsided during Jackson'spresidency.
那些认为政党的本质就是腐败和帮派的人（政党反对者）减少了（support）

C.    During Jackson's presidency the use of moneybecame more common than bartering of goods and services.
人们开始更多的使用货币而不是物物交易，更商业化了（support）

D. More northerners than southerners supported Jackson because southerners were opposed to the development of a commercial economy.
北方的支持者比南方多，因为南方人反对商业化。也就是说支持者比反对者多（support）

E.    Andrew Jackson did not feel as strongly committed to the classical ideals of leadership as George Washington had felt.
Jackson 不像Washington那样注重classic leadership。也就是说J更倾向于parties， individualism（support）

作者: minigreen 时间: 2013-6-4 05:58

同求啊！~请各位达人们分析一下，这篇文章的结构主干好难把握！~

作者: ozymen 时间: 2013-6-6 06:05

这题关键是理解author的argument是什么（是说J任期内商业化倾向严重），那么明显A是无关或者说削弱（反对商业化），其他都是倾向商业化的证据。

欢迎光临国际顶尖MBA申请交流平台--TOPWAY MBA (http://forum.topway.org/)