List T consist of 30 positive decimals, none of which is an integer, and the sum of the 30 decimals is S. The estimated sum of the 30 decimals, E, is defined as follows. Each decimal in T whose tenths digit is even is rounded up to the nearest integer, and each decimal in T whose tenths digits is odd is rounded down to the nearest integer. If 1/3 of the decimals in T have a tenths digit that is even, which of the following is a possible value of E - S ?
I. -16
II. 6
III. 10
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I and III only
D. II and III only
E. I, II, and III
这道题我是考虑极端情况来做的。
A. 十分位为even时,十分位上可能出现2、4、6、8四种情况,只考虑这10个tenths digital is even 的sum时,若都为2,则E-S=8;若都为8时,E-S=2。
B. 同理,十分位为odd,出现1、3、5、7、9五种情况,这20个odd十分位相加,极端情况,都为1时,E-S=-18;都为9时,E-S=-2