27.07.2012
发一下自己整理的逻辑错题。通过对题目的仔细分析，感觉加深了对题目的理解。
6.obsolete 废弃的，已过时的
obsolescence
feasible 可行的
The amount of time it takes for most of a worker’s occupational knowledge and skills to become obsolete has been declining because of the introduction of advanced manufacturing technology(AMT).Given the rate at which AMT is currently being introduced in manufacturing,the average worker’s old skills become obsolete and new skills are required within as little as five years.在给定的AMT被引进制造行业的速率下，工人技术平均过时时间范围内，新的技术至少在五年里就需要。
分析：重点把握AMT这种机器和员工的工作技能的关系，两者不是相互对立取代与被取代的关系，而是一种相互联系的统一关系，即，员工的工作技能是用于操作这种新的生产机器的，所以一旦员工的工作技能过时，那么生产机器的使用就会受到影响。再看问题，也再一次强调了员工的工作技能的重要性。
Which of the following plans, if feasible, would allow a company to prepare most effectively for the rapid obsolescence of skills described above?
A.The company will develop a program to offer selected employees the opportunity to receive training six years after they were originally hired. 公司会给那些被雇佣六年的选定的员工提供培训机会。
C.The company will periodically survey its employees to determine how the introduction of AMT has affected them. 公司将周期性地调查其员工认为先进生产机器的引入对其产生的影响
错。原因：选项内容与题目的问题无关，直接排除。
D.Before the introduction of AMT, the company will institute an educational program to inform its employees of the probable consequences of the introduction of AMT. 在引进先进生产机器之前，公司会设立一个教育程序以通知其员工机器的引进所带来的可能后果。
错。原因：同C选项，与题目无关，直接排除。
E.The company will ensure that it can offer its employees any training necessary for meeting their job requirements. 公司将会保证对其员工提供任何所需要的培训以符合他们工作的要求。 对。原因：选项很好地解决了题目所提出的问题：员工的工作技能迅速过时该怎么办？
8.preservative n.防腐剂；预防法
grocery n.食品杂货店
discrepancy n.矛盾
be indifferent to 漠不关心
minute a.微笑的
A report that many apples contain a cancer-causing preservative called Alar apparently had little effect on consumers.Few consumers planned to change their apple-buying habits as a result of the report.Nonetheless,sales of apples in grocery stores fell sharply in March,a month after the report was issued.一份报道说很多苹果含有一种叫alar的致癌防腐剂显然对消费者影响很小。因为这篇报道很少有消费者改变他们对苹果的购买习惯。然而，在这篇报道发表后的一个月，三月份，食品杂货店的苹果销售量却陡然下滑。
分析：题目里提到了两个元素，一个是苹果的购买习惯不被改变，另一个是苹果的销售量下滑。这两个元素的关系是什么？前一是因，后一个是果，但是因却推不出果来，所以我们可以推测必定有另一个因能推出果。看完短篇，其实也能大概预测接下来的问题将会是什么。
Which of the following, if true, best explains the reason for the apparent discrepancy described above?
A.In March, many grocers removed apples from their shelves in order to demonstrate concern about their customers’ health. 很多食品杂货商从他们的货架上撤掉了苹果以证明他们对消费者健康的关心。
D.The report did not mention that any other fruit contains Alar, although the preservative is used on other fruit. 尽管防腐剂也被用于其他的水果，但是报道没有提到其他的水果含有Alar这种致癌物质。
E.Public health officials did not believe that apples posed a health threat because only minute traces of Alar were present in affected apples. 公共健康官员不认为苹果会形成一种健康威胁，因为只有很微量的致癌物出现在受影响的苹果。
错。原因：官员的看法和原文的消费习惯不被改变类似，应该推出的是和原文相反的结果，因此不对。
10.cable-television 有线电视
subscription 订阅费
bargain 便宜货
cable-television spokesperson:subscriptions to cable television are a bargain in comparison to “free” television.remember that “free” television is not really free.it is consumers,in the end,who pay for the costly advertising that supports “free” television.
有线电视发言人：相对于免费电视来说，有线电视的订阅费是一个便宜货。要知道，免费电视并不真正的免费。是消费者最后付费给昂贵的广告以支撑免费电视。
分析：文中有两个元素：一个是免费电视的免费，另一个是有限电视的订阅费。内容讨论的是有线电视的订阅费是一个低廉的费用。两者之间的关系是，订阅费比免费好。那么，从文章的逻辑来看，我们需要知道，是什么支撑了这种关系，纽带是什么，也就是背后的原因是什么。再仔细分心，发言人认为免费电视的广告使得免费电视所谓的免费并不名副其实，因此有限电视的订阅费比免费好。所以我们发现，关键核心在广告上，是广告这个论据支撑了发言人的论点。接下来，我们可以预测题目会对广告作文章。
Which of the following, if true, is most damaging to the position of the cable-television spokesperson?
A.Consumers who do not own television sets are less likely to be influenced in their purchasing decisions by television advertising than are consumers who own television sets.那些没有电视的消费者与有电视的消费者相比，在他们购买决定的过程中，受到电视广告影响的可能性更小。
C.For locations with poor television reception, cable television provides picture quality superior to that provided by free television.对于那些电视接收信号差的地区来说，有线电视可以提供比免费电视更好质量的画面。
错。原因：同样的道理，此选项是支持发言人的观点的。
D.There is as much advertising on many cable- television channels as there is on “free” television channels.在有线电视频道的广告和在免费电视频道的广告一样多。
对。原因：这里利用广告数量无差别来很好的反驳了发言人的观点。
E.Cable-television subscribers can choose which channels they wish to receive.有线电视的订购者可以选择他们想要接收的频道。
错。原因：这里仍然强调的是有线电视的好处，支持了发言人的观点。
33.Advertisement:Today’s customers expect high quality.Every advance in the quality of manufactured products raises customer expectations.The company that is satisfied with the current quality of its products will soon find that its customers are not.At MegaCrop,meeting or exceeding customer expectations is our goal.今天的消费者期待高质量。每一次在生产产品上的质量的进步都会提高消费者的期望。那些对自己产品质量现状满意的公司将会很快发现他们的消费者却并不满意。在megacrop,满足或者超越消费者的期望是我们的目标。
分析：两个元素：产品质量和消费者期望。这两者的关系是，消费的期望总比产品质量高，而且是不断在提高。所以广告商认为，自己的目标是要适应这种不断提高的消费的期望。
Which of the following must be true on the basis of the statements in the advertisement above?
A.MegaCorp’s competitors will succeed in attracting customers only if those competitors adopt MegaCorp’s goal as their own. 只有当竞争对手使megacrop的目标变成自己的目标的时候，才能在吸引顾客方面取得成功。
B.A company that does not correctly anticipate the expectations of its customers is certain to fail in advancing the quality of its products. 一个公司如果不能正确地预测消费者的期望，那么肯定会在提高产品质量方面失败。
C.MegaCorp’s goal is possible to meet only if continuing advances in product quality are possible. 只有megacrop继续提升产品质量，它的目标才有可能实现。
对。原因：基于广告商的观点，这就广告商所要表达的意思。
D.If a company becomes satisfied with the quality of its products, then the quality of its products is sure to decline. 如果一个公司变得对自己的产品满意，那么它的产品质量一定会下降。
E. MegaCorp’s customers are currently satisfied with the quality of its products.meacorp的消费者目前对其产品质量感到满意。
错。原因：这不是原文所表达的观点，我们也不能从原文观点里推出这样的结论。
34.syndrome n.综合症
viral a.病毒引起的
be immune to a.免疫的
resistance n.抵抗力
be exposure to 暴露，接触
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?
Ferber’s syndrome, a viral disease that frequently affects cattle, is transmitted to these animals through infected feed. Even though chickens commercially raised for meat are often fed the type of feed identified as the source of infection in cattle, Ferber’s syndrome is only rarely observed in chickens. This fact, however, does not indicate that most chickens are immune to the virus that causes Ferber’s syndrome, since .
某种综合症，是一种通常感染牛的病毒疾病，通过受感染的饲料的传播到这些动物体内。尽管鸡作为肉类被商业性地养殖，而且经常以对牛是一种感染源的饲料被喂养，这种综合症却很少在鸡身上观察到。这种事实，然而，却不能表明大部分鸡对这种综合症的病毒是免疫的，因为—
分析：元素：受感染饲料，鸡的免疫力。结论：鸡对病毒是否免疫不能通过同样被以受感染的饲料喂养而没有产生综合症的事实来决定 。 问，原因是什么，也就是说，是什么可能的其他原因阻碍了我们通过这一事实来判断鸡是否免疫，其他的什么原因有可能使得我们不能在鸡身上观察到这种综合症但鸡对病毒是不免疫的。紧扣原文提供的各种要素。
A.chickens and cattle are not the only kinds of farm animal that are typically fed the type of feed liable to be contaminated with the virus that causes Ferber’s syndrome 鸡和牛都不是唯一的用引起某种综合症的病毒的受感染的饲料被喂养的。
错。原因：其他动物以什么饲料被喂养不能解释鸡为什么可能没有对病毒的免疫力
B.Ferber’s syndrome has been found in animals that have not been fed the type of feed liable to be contaminated with the virus that can cause the disease 这种综合症已经在未被以受感染的饲料喂养动物身上找到。
C.resistance to some infectious organisms such as the virus that causes Ferber’s syndrome can be acquired by exposure to a closely related infectious organism 对于象能够引起某种综合症的病毒的感染组织抵抗力，是能够通过接触相关类似的感染组织而得到的。
D.chickens and cattle take more than a year to show symptoms of Ferber’s syndrome, and chickens commercially raised for meat, unlike cattle, are generally brought to market during the first year of life 鸡和牛需要更长的时间出现某种综合症的症状，鸡是被作为肉类食品以商业通途而喂养的，与牛不一样，通常在生命的第一年里就被投放到市场。
E.the type of feed liable to be infected with the virus that causes Ferber’s syndrome generally constitutes a larger proportion of the diet of commercially raised chickens than of commercially raised cattle 在鸡的饲料中，与能引起某种综合症的病毒相联系的饲料所占的比例比在牛的饲料里所在的比例更大。
