It has always been difficult to understand the basis of politics in the People’s Republic of China. Because the system is effectively closed, it is impossible to know with any degree of confidence who is allied with whom and for what reasons. Yet Chinese politics does exhibit many of the external characteristics of factional political systems, as found in more open societies. It is legitimate to conclude, therefore, that China has a factional political system.
Which one of the following, if true, would confirm the author’s conclusion that China has a factional political system?
(A) All open political systems are factional political systems.
(B) All factional political systems are closed political systems.
(C) All closed political systems are factional political systems.
(D) China’s political system is more open than many existing factional political systems.
(E) China’s political system is more closed than all existing factional political systems.
