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标题: 大全5－8 [打印本页]

作者: with二 时间: 2011-3-6 21:29 标题: 大全5－8

How many really suffer as a result of labor market problems? This is one of the most critical yet contentious social policy questions. In many ways, our social statistics exaggerate the degree of hardship. Unemployment does not have the same dire consequences today as it did in the 1930’s when most of the unemployed were primary breadwinners, when income and earnings were usually much closer to the margin of subsistence, and when there were no countervailing social programs for those failing in the labor market. Increasing affluence,
the rise of families with more than one wage earner, the growing predominance of secondary earners among the unemployed, and improved social welfare protection have unquestionably mitigated the consequences of joblessness.
Earnings and income data also overstate the dimensions of hardship. Among the millions with hourly earnings at or below the minimum wage level, the overwhelming majority are from multiple-earner, relatively affluent families. Most of those counted by the poverty statistics are elderly or handicapped or have family responsibilities which keep them out of the labor force, so the poverty statistics are by no means an accurate indicator of labor market pathologies.

Yet there are also many ways our social statistics underestimate the degree of labor-market-related hardship. The unemployment counts exclude the millions of fully employed workers whose wages are so low that their families remain in poverty. Low wages and repeated or prolonged unemployment frequently interact to undermine the capacity for self-support. Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer. For every person counted in the monthly unemployment tallies, there is another working part-time because of the inability to find full-time work, or else outside the labor force but wanting a job. Finally, income transfers in our country have always focused on the elderly, disabled, and dependent, neglecting the needs of the working poor, so that the dramatic expansion of cash and in-kind transfers does not necessarily mean that those failing in the labor market are adequately protected.

As a result of such contradictory evidence, it is uncertain whether those suffering seriously as a result of labor market problems number in the hundreds of thousands or the tens of millions, and, hence, whether high levels of joblessness can be tolerated or must be countered by job creation and economic stimulus. There is only one area of agreement in this debate—that the existing poverty, employment, and earnings statistics are inadequate for one their primary applications, measuring the consequences of labor market problems.

8。The conclusion stated in lines 33-39 (shown in red) about the number of people who suffer as a result of forced idleness depends primarily on the point that

(A) in times of high unemployment, there are some people who do not remain unemployed for long

(B) the capacity for self-support depends on receiving moderate-to-high wages

(C) those in forced idleness include, besides the unemployed, both underemployed part-time workers and those not actively seeking work

(D) at different times during the year, different people are unemployed（D）

(E) many of those who are affected by unemployment are dependents of unemployed workers

这道题，我选的A不知道错在哪里。而且我觉得D也不合逻辑啊？！请nn做答！

作者: angelsgx 时间: 2011-3-7 06:45

Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of
forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer.意思是某个时间段可能失业人数特别高,但平均到每个月却未必那么高.那些被迫失业的人数,经受失业痛苦的人数可能超过年平均失业人数,即使每个月只有少数人失业.
为什么每个月失业的人数只是minority,年平均失业人数也不高,但每个月经受失业痛苦的人数却多呢?那是因为失业的人不同,这个月ABC失业,下个月DEF失业,失业的人数同为三,但经受了失业痛苦的人却是六

作者: with二 时间: 2011-3-7 20:22

太牛了，我完全没有看出来。。

作者: momohe 时间: 2011-3-8 20:16

Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number u ...
angelsgx 发表于 2011-3-7 06:45

这个还是不明白，因为题杆顶为的是：Since the number experiencing joblessness at some time during the year is several times the number unemployed in any month, those who suffer as a result of forced idleness can equal or exceed average annual unemployment, even though only a minority of the jobless in any month really suffer
那只是说一年里有些月份失业人数超多多与其他月份的，那些承受forced idleness的人超过每年失业人数。
那这个和正确答案(E) many of those who are affected by unemployment are dependents of unemployed workers
之间怎样建立联系推出来的？
求助

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