1. In 1978 a national study found that not only had many contractors licensed by a self-policing private guild failed to pass qualifying exams, they in addition falsified their references.

(A) they in addition falsified their references

(B) they had their references falsified in addition

(C) but they had also falsified their references

(D) they had also falsified their references（C）

(E) but their references were falsified as well

原文的结构是什么啊？

had为什么要提前呀