GWD-9-Q9 to GWD-9-Q11:

Among the myths taken as

fact by the environmental managers

of most corporations is the

Line belief that environmental regula-

(5) tions affect all competitors in

a given industry uniformly. In

reality, regulatory costs—and

therefore compliance—fall

unevenly, economically disad-

(10) vantaging some companies and

benefiting others. For example,

a plant situated near a number

of larger noncompliant competitors

is less likely to attract the

(15) attention of local regulators than

is an isolated plant, and less

attention means lower costs.

Additionally, large plants can

spread compliance costs such

(20) as waste treatment across a

larger revenue base; on the other

hand, some smaller plants may

not even be subject to certain

provisions such as permit or

(25) reporting requirements by virtue

of their size. Finally, older production

technologies often

continue to generate toxic wastes

that were not regulated when the

(30 ) technology was first adopted.

New regulations have imposed

extensive compliance costs on

companies still using older

industrial coal-fired burners that

(35) generate high sulfur dioxide and

nitrogen oxide outputs, for

example, whereas new facilities

generally avoid processes that

would create such waste pro-

(40) ducts. By realizing that they

have discretion and that not all

industries are affected equally

by environmental regulation,

environmental managers can

(45) help their companies to achieve

a competitive edge by anticipating

regulatory pressure and

exploring all possibilities for

addressing how changing regula-

(50) tions will affect their companies

specifically.

GWD-9-Q10:

According to the passage, which of the following statements about sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs is true?

A. Older production technologies cannot be adapted so as to reduce production of these outputs as waste products.

B. Under the most recent environmental regulations, industrial plants are no longer permitted to produce these outputs.

C. Although these outputs are environmentally hazardous, some plants still generate them as waste products despite the high compliance costs they impose.

D. Many older plants have developed innovative technological processes that reduce the amounts of these outputs generated as waste products.

E. Since the production processes that generate these outputs are less costly than alternative processes, these less expensive processes are sometimes adopted

despite their acknowledged environmental hazards.

key: A

my answer: C

为什么选A呢,我觉得A语法上都有错误,who 'reduce production of these outputs as waste products'? old technology吗?

而且我觉得文中有提到新法规征收高额的compliance fee,但是因为有些工厂使用的老技术,仍然生产废气,所以边生产边被征收compliance fee

盼望大家指点迷津! 谢谢