原始狗：
tracy沁
7.29
AA 某学校用了interactive computer instruction后辍学率低了，学生的表现也好了，所以建议以后的预算要对所有课程adopt interactive computer instruction
The following appeared as part of a newspaper editorial.
“Two years ago Nova High School began to use interactive computer instruction in three academic subjects. The school dropout rate declined immediately, and last year’s graduates have reported some impressive achievements in college. In future budgets the school board should use a greater portion of the available funds to buy more computers, and all schools in the district should adopt interactive computer instruction throughout the curriculum.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
两年前Nova高中开始在3个科学科目中使用互动计算机指导。学校的退学率立刻下降，而且去年的毕业生在大学取得了一些很不错的成绩。在未来的预算中，校董事会应该在能得到的资金中拨出更大的一块用来购买更多的计算机。而且这一区的所有学校都应该在课程中采用互动计算机指导。
提纲：
1， 没有排除他因。很可能是学校出台的policy要求老师上课认真，学生更加勤奋导致的。同时发生不能说明因果。stricter discipline applied last year.
还有其他的比如加入新课引起学生的兴趣等等。counseling and training programs
2， 错误类比，其他的学校情况跟这个不一定相同。比如很可能是艺术类等文科院校，而这个是科学类的，所以不同。
3， 过去推将来，不对。很可能短暂的interest之后学生会失去兴趣。或者别的什么情况发生了变化。作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:57
2.
题库: 32 频率：1
原始狗：
kuangchu
7.29
AA:第二个是一个根据一个这个镇东边部分的数据说明了支援者救助车祸反应时间慢于商业的救护车？然后政府就决定用商业的救护车来增加政府收益（注意，题目最上方说这个政府是西部的）
The following appeared in the editorial section of a West Cambria newspaper.
“A recent review of the West Cambria volunteer ambulance service revealed a longer average response time to accidents than was reported by a commercial ambulance squad located in East Cambria. In order to provide better patient care for accident victims and to raise revenue for our town by collecting service fees for ambulance use, we should disband our volunteer service and hire a commercial ambulance service.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
1、 错误类比
适合West Cambria 的不一定适合Ease Cambria
2、 非此即彼
不一定非要disband volunteer service 可以把volunteer service and commercial ambulance service 结合
3、.对事故的反映时间诚然是评价服务质量的一个因素但并不是唯一的因素.所以仅仅因为东区的商业救护班的反映时间短就认定商业救护办的服务更好是gratuitous的.作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:57
3.
题库: 34 频率：1
原始狗：
yueqianchen
7.29
感谢 yueqianchen提供原文
The following appeared as part of a plan proposed by an executive of the Easy Credit Company to the president.
“The Easy Credit Company would gain an advantage over competing credit card services if we were to donate a portion of the proceeds from the use of our cards to a well-known environmental organization in exchange for the use of its symbol or logo on our card. Since a recent poll shows that a large percentage of the public is concerned about environmental issues, this policy would attract new customers, increase use among existing customers, and enable us to charge interest rates that are higher than the lowest ones available.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
Easy信贷公司的一个经营主管向董事长提交的一份计划：
如果我们将信用卡所得的利润中的一部分捐给一个知名的环保组织换取在我们的信用卡上使用他们的标识的权利，Easy信贷公司将在信用卡服务的竞争中得到很大好处。由于最近的民调显示，很多人都关心环境问题，这一计划将吸引新顾客，提高现有顾客的使用量，并使我们得到比最低利润率要高的利润率。
提纲：
1.环保组织所提供的标识所关心的方面和民众所关心的方面可能不一致
2.关心环保问题不意味着他们就一定会采取一些具体的措施象是在这个例子里面购买这个公司的产品
The author assumes that the public's concern about environmental issues will result in its taking steps to do something about the problem-in this case, to use the Easy Credit Company credit card.
3.权衡了额外付出的成本和收益之后并不一定值得这么做.
1.首先，关心环境的人，不一定是使用信用卡的。第二，关心环境问题的人，关心的issues不一定与该组织的相同。
2.因果关系不明确：不一定人们关心环保就一定用使用信用卡的方式来表达。因为More often，人们可能采取更加直接的方式，比如直接donate money to the environmental organization.
3.另外，利润率关系到收入和支出，很可能两个比较收入小于支出。作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:58
4.
题库: 频率：1
原始狗：
mercury95
7.29
Argument: It is unwise to quit a stable office job in order to be self-employed and work at home. 给出的理由是，在家办公容易受neighbor影响，没效率，经常avoid working等等。然后又说在家办公isolated with the work place, 对career advancement不好。所以不应该quit stable office job and become self-employed.
tkrayla
8.04
AA 说在办公室工作比在家工作好。有三个论点 1 在家工作的人会面对更多的abstraction，比如 邻居 电话 家务等等。2 在家工作的人更没有时间计划，更倾向与avoid work 3 与社会和人群隔离，会对人的career advance有限制。整个argument都没有举例和调查。
待补充作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:58
5．
题库: 125 频率：1
原始狗：
美国大番茄
7.29
由于本人在上海，无电脑，现在用手机慢慢回忆，比较慢，请耐心等候…
有个地区有三家店连续两年营业额上升，因此他们决定再开三家店。并且要求他们遵循一个program:任何一个顾客在去了两家店以后，可以获得去第三家店的折扣，这样可以保证三家店都获利什么的………
mihayixiaolu
8.04
argument是说某个地方的三个business过去两年business大增，所以Capital Ideal 也应该开三个business，又提出了一个program，说光顾两个店的顾客也应在第三个店得到discount。
The following appeared as part of the business plan of the Capital Idea investment firm.
“Across town in the Park Hill district, the Thespian Theater, Pizzazz Pizza, and the Niblick Golf Club have all had business increases within the past two years. Capital Idea should therefore invest in the Roxy Playhouse, the Slice-o’-Pizza, and the Divot Golf Club, three new businesses in the Irongate district. As a condition, we should require them to participate in a special program: Any customer who patronizes two of the businesses will receive a substantial discount at the third. By motivating customers to patronize all three, we will thus contribute to the profitability of each and maximize our return.”
Capital Idea投资公司的商业计划：
在ParkHill区的Thespian剧院，Pizzazz比萨，Niblick高尔夫俱乐部在过去2年都有业务增长。因此Capital Idea应该投资Poxy剧场，Slic－o比萨和Divot高尔夫俱乐部这3家新的Irongate区的企业。为使他们达到条件，我们应该要求他们参加特殊的项目：任何顾客在其中两家消费将在第三家得到折扣。通过刺激顾客在所有3家店消费，我们将增进每一家的利润，从而使我们的回报最大化。
1、错误类比
2、错误的假设所有的顾客都会partronize two of the businesses
3、The business increases occured in the past two years. No one can guarantee the future profit.作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:58
６．
题库: 频率：2
原始狗：
scottrade
7.29
AA：一个software company 公司准备cut budget 因为连续三年的利润不好，他们决定向auto industry学习，auto industry用part-time的labor代替full-time employees节约了不少的成本,他们的利润相当的丰厚，所以software company也会采取auto industry的方法来获取利润。。。
kirnamilk
8.03
Argument: 引用一下前人的机经：AA：一个software company 公司准备cut budget 因为连续三年的利润不好，他们决定向auto industry学习，auto industry用part-time的labor代替full-time employees节约了不少的成本,他们的利润相当的丰厚，所以software company也会采取auto industry的方法（补充：by cuting 25% of its full-time employee来获取利润(make profit in short term and stablility in the long term)
待补充作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:59
7．
题库: 新题1 频率：1
原始狗：
andrewyen001
7.30
AA: 老题，就是说那个empolyees of not for profit orgnizations are more motivated than other employees, so our corporation should donate money to humanitarian causes to maximize the overall profits
The following appeared in a memorandum from the head of a human resources department at a major automobile manufacturing company to the company's managers:
“Studies have found that employees of not-for-profit organizations and charities are often more highly motivated than employees of for-profit corporations to perform well at work when their performance is not being monitored or evaluated. Interviews with employees of not-for-profit organizations suggest that the reason for their greater motivation is the belief that their work helps to improve society. Because they believe in the importance of their work, they have personal reasons to perform well, even when no financial reward is present. Thus, if our corporation began donating a significant portion of its profits to humanitarian causes, our employees’ motivation and productivity would increase substantially and our overall profits would increase as well.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . .etc.
（1）非营利组织的因果推理（causality）存疑：非营利组织员工的工作动因可能来自于其他原因，而不只是某种信念。例如，非营利组织中的固定员工也是实行薪酬制的，所以，他们积极工作的众多理由中，当然包括谋生，而且，相对于赚钱盈利而言，赈灾扶贫等花钱的工作还是相对容易的。
（2）非营利组织与营利组织的可比性（comparability）存疑：即使该汽车制造公司将一部分利润投入公益，仍然不能回避这两种组织存在的固有差异，导致经验不可借鉴。例如，营利组织的员工多为中青年人，生活压力大，需要更多的是利益驱动，来改善生活、养育后代；非营利组织的员工中的志愿者多为老年人或者学生，生活压力较小，需要的是发挥余热或者学习经验。
（3）营利组织的对未来草率预期（expectation）存疑：即使投资公益能够带来员工工作更加积极主动的结果，进一步认为这样就能提高整体利润水平（overall profit）是没有根据的。因为利润等于收入减成本，而这两个变量从原文中无从得知，所以，有可能因为政府税率的提高，而使得利润降低或持平。作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:59
原始狗：
charlottechi
感谢charlottechi同学，细心的找出的原题，标出重点
7.30
AA 原题也找到了！
1. The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods, a processor of frozen foods.
“Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more efficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its twenty-fifth birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc
提纲：
1. false analogy: The food industry is not analogous to the color film industry.
2. causal oversimplification: Other factors that may contribute t to the cost decline of the printing cost should be considered and ruled out.
3. gratuitous assumption: The conclusion of the argument is based on a gratuitous assumption that the company can minimize cost and maximize profit because the company has been conducted for 25 years.
1. 错误类比：color film processing和processing of food不相同。problems of spoilage, contamination, and timely transportation都只影响food 不影响film.
2. 同时，忽略他因。是否是因为组织更有效率才使COST下降的？很可能是material necessary for the process下降了价钱。所以，两者更不同。
3. gratuitous assumption：二十五年不代表学到了很多。很可能什么都没学到，或者技术已经out of date.作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 21:59
10．
题库: 39 AWA224-39 频率：2
原始狗：
Scarlettma
7.30
AA 说一个叫avia’ airline ，在一千个乘客里面就收到9个人关于他们 luggage handling procedure的投诉，然后说这个比例还不到百分之一，所以说明绝大多数的乘客是很满意的，所以不用去review这些procedure了，即使这样以后的乘客还是可以保证的而且increase。
deeepsnow
8.02
AA：飞机乘客抱怨：1000个里面只有90个人抱怨，所以不打紧。
The following appeared in an Avia Airlines departmental memorandum.
“On average, 9 out of every 1,000 passengers who traveled on Avia Airlines last year filed a complaint about our baggage-handling procedures. This means that although some 1 percent of our passengers were unhappy with those procedures, the overwhelming majority were quite satisfied with them; thus it would appear that a review of the procedures is not important to our goal of maintaining or increasing the number of Avia’s passengers.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
原始狗：
floret0306
7.30
AWA 就是说BC这个公司，是搞mining tech的，然后这个行业不好，profits and price都decline，所以转向了 renewable energy tech，这样就能扭转profits和price的decline，可能还有其他因素不过现在脑子坏掉鸟，想不起了……；
待补充作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:00
12．
题库: 72 AWA224-70 频率：3 Warning
原始狗：
spups
7.30
感谢spups 给出原文
xiximm54
8.04
argument:8月到10月间，XX城市卖衣服说他们利润少啦，卖家庭用品的说他们的利润增加啦，然后呢作者就说呀，肯定是顾客都喜欢买家庭用品啦，不喜欢买衣服啦，所以呢作者就建议啊减少卖衣服商店的规模，增加卖家庭用品商店的规模。
lingx413
8.04
AA, 是说Local clothing store的 销量减少，但是store that selling products for homes 增加。所以the department store 应该相应的减少买衣服的部门。增加卖家庭用品的。我没怎么练过AA， 不知道是不是原题。
The following appeared as part of a recommendation from the business manager of a department store.
“Local clothing stores reported that their profits decreased, on average, for the three-month period between August 1 and October 31. Stores that sell products for the home reported that, on average, their profits increased during this same period. Clearly, consumers are choosing to buy products for their homes instead of clothing. To take advantage of this trend, we should reduce the size of our clothing departments and enlarge our home furnishings and household products departments.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
专卖店的商务经理的备忘录：
本地服装店报告说从8月1号到10月31号的3个月里他们的平均利润下降。销售家庭用品的商店却报告同期的平均利润上升。很明显，顾客正选择为他们的家里购买用品而不是买衣物。为了利用这个趋势，我们应该缩减我们的服装部规模而扩大家庭装饰和家务用品部
提纲：
1. A period of three month is too short to draw a general conclusion of the overall trend.
2. The past three months' trend does not guarantee the same in the future.
3. Whether the reports from the local clothing stores and stores that sell products for the home are reliable or not are still open to doubt, thus making the author's suggestion groundless.
原始狗：
flyb
7.30
AA是说那个水果价格七年前是5cents ,现在是30cents,所以水果涨价了，引发通胀了。要避免通胀，需要制定严格的定价规则。
The following is taken from an editorial in a local newspaper.
“Over the past decade, the price per pound of citrus fruit has increased substantially. Eleven years ago, Megamart charged 5 cents apiece for lemons, but today it commonly charges over 30 cents apiece. In only one of these last eleven years was the weather unfavorable for growing citrus crops. Evidently, then, citrus growers have been responsible for the excessive increase in the price of citrus fruit, and strict pricing regulations are needed to prevent them from continuing to inflate prices.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.
当地报纸的社论：
过去的10年里，桔类水果的价格实际上上升了。11年前，Megamart每个柠檬要价5分，现在一般要价为30分一个。过去11年只有一年不适合桔类水果生长。显然，柑桔种植者应该对桔类水果价格过度上涨负责。为防止他们继续哄抬价格规范价格规定很有必要。
提纲：
1. 小范围推大范围。
2. 忽略他因，是否只有一种因素导致价格上升——不适合生长。。。还有，比如环境保护，加工价格上升，人力成本上升，或者单纯的物价上涨。。。monetary inflation, increased distribution and labor costs, or alterations in supply and demand conditions
原始狗：
renee12345
7.30
AA：“A year ago Apex Manufacturing bought its managers computers for their homes and paid for telephone connections so that the managers could access Apex computers and data files from home after normal business hours. Since last year, productivity at Apex has increased by 15 percent. Other companies can learn from the success
The following appeared as part of an article in a computer magazine.
“A year ago Apex Manufacturing bought its managers computers for their homes and paid for telephone connections so that they could access Apex computers and data files from home after normal business hours. Since last year, productivity at Apex has increased by 15 percent. Other companies can learn from the success at Apex: given home computers and access to company resources, employees will work additional hours at home and thereby increase company profits.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.
电脑杂志的文章：
一年前Apex制造公司给它的经理们在家买了电脑，并支付电话费，这样他们就可以在工作时间以外从家里连接到Apex的电脑和数据文件。从去年开始，Apex的生产能力增长了15%。其他公司可以借鉴Apex的成功，提供家用电脑和到公司资源的链接，雇员会在家里加班并提高公司利润。
1、 忽略他因，Apex的生产能力提高可能还有其他原因，比如说设备的改进、一些新政策带来效益等
2、错误类比，就算apex是因为上述原因提高生产力，它的成功模式也不一定适合其他公司
3、错误假设， 错误的假设了雇员在家一定会加班作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:01
16．
题库: 62 AWA224-61 频率：1
原始狗：
overmatch
7.30
一道是说一种叫muscle monthly的杂志经常卖脱销，上面有一种健身机的图片。所以有人建议在本地的健身中心中装上这种机器，来maximize本地居民的fitness levels。
The following appeared in the letters-to-the-editor section of a local newspaper.
“Muscle Monthly, a fitness magazine that regularly features pictures of bodybuilders using state-of-the-art exercise machines, frequently sells out, according to the owner of Skyview Newsstand. To help maximize fitness levels in our town’s residents, we should, therefore, equip our new community fitness center with such machines.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
本地报纸上给编者的信板块：
一份叫Muscle Monthly的健康杂志规律性地刊登使用最好的训练器械的健美运动员的照片。据skyview报摊的摊主说它经常卖完。为了提高我镇居民的健康水平，我们应该给我们的新健身中心装备这样的器械。
提纲：
1. The bodybuilders may just pretend to be using the state-of-the-art exercise machines while, in fact, their excellent body conditions are due to the use of other types of equipment. And, they just do so for the advertisement purpose.
2. The circulation is just one of the indicators of the popularity of the magazine. What is more, I can find no direct relationship between the popularity of the magazine and the author's suggestion that we should equip the community with the state-of-the-art excercise machine.
3. The machines for body building will not necessarily have the same effect on fitness.
原始狗：
g20040636
7.31
非啼哭
8年前 profits increase 因为employees 能给公司带来revenue大于salaries
2年前 profits decrease 认为是 newer employees不能给公司带来足够的revenue
总体上profits的下降是因为 human resouce deparment 的failure
ericafdl
7.29
AA：大体是说一个电子公司的CEO批评HR，说现在HR招的职员都不如6年以前了，那时候的职员都很有motivation，工作积极，为公司创造了良好的效益，那时候他们为公司创造的效益远远超出公司支付的工资。但在最近的2-3年里，职员素质下降了，所以公司利润的下降完全是由于HR没招对人。
The following appeared in a memorandum from the CEO of a consumer electronics manufacturing firm to the head of the company's human resources department, who is responsible for hiring new employees:
“Eight years ago, our firm’s profits were increasing with each new employee we added. We discovered that each employee had the skills and motivation to generate more revenue for the firm than his or her salary cost us. However, for the past two years, our profit margin has been falling, even though we have continued to add employees. Thus, our newer employees are not generating enough revenue to justify their salaries. We must not be hiring new employees with the same level of skills and motivation as those we used to attract. Clearly, then, failures in the human resources department account for our falling profits.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc
1、忽略他因， 公司利润下降很可能因为其他原因，比如说公司最近的产品销量不好，市场低迷等
2、两年前的情况不能预测未来
3、就算是新招员工的问题，也不能说是HR DEPARTMENT 的责任，有可能在面试的时候他们表现都很好，而工作之后开始不努力工作。作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:02
18．
题库: 6 AWA224-6 频率：1
原始狗：
daisy88117
7.31
AA Helios’s unemployment rate is lower than in other regions inrecent recession and wanna attract companies focus on research and newtechnology.大致情况是这样 然后说公司在找新地点和方向时可以考虑Helios.
The following appeared as part of an article in a magazine devoted to regional life.
“Corporations should look to the city of Helios when seeking new business opportunities or a new location. Even in the recent recession, Helios’s unemployment rate was lower than the regional average. It is the industrial center of the region, and historically it has provided more than its share of the region’s manufacturing jobs. In addition, Helios is attempting to expand its economic base by attracting companies that focus on research and development of innovative technologies.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
一份面向地方生活的杂志上的一篇文章：
企业在寻找新的商机或位置时应该去Helios城。甚至在最近的衰退中，Helios的失业率也比地区平均水平低，它是地区的工业中心，历史上它提供的比它在地区制造业工作中分享的份额中更多。而且，Helios正试图通过吸引研究和发展革新技术的公司来扩张它的经济基础。
提纲：
1. 作者认为应该到该地区建厂理由是这里的失业率很高。但是却没有给出因果关系。从常理来看这是没有道理的因为失业率高的地方可能更难雇佣到雇员从而使成本增加。
2. 作者认为该地区会鼓励研发，所以应该到该地区投资。但事实上就象作者说的那样该地区是制造业中心怎么可能有很多对技术和科研很熟练的人员。
1. 因为H地区industrial and manufacturing比较attractive，所以那里的工人很可能只适合做这类的，如果缺乏能够做innovative technologies and research的工人labor pool，那么很可能导致失败。
2. H的低失业率更可能成为坏处。因为比如有less available work force。企业必须提高wage才能吸引他们。提高了COST。
3. 错误的假设过去的成功能够代表未来。比方说已经饱和的资源、过分的竞争、以及可能出现的错误政策，都可能导致H地区的经济不再发达。作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:02
19．
题库: 43 AWA224-43 频率：1
原始狗：
zhaoyuangks
7.31
AA：University hospitals' quality of care is worse than private or community hospitals. Two reasons: first is that in the author's region, the university hospitals have 15% fewer doctors, 20% less success on caring of patients than private hospitals--somewhat statistics; Second reason is the author believes that the university hospitals doctors divide their time into conducting researchs, teaching students and taking care of patients.
都是很明显的逻辑漏洞。
The following appeared in an article in the health section of a newspaper.
“There is a common misconception that university hospitals are better than community or private hospitals. This notion is unfounded, however: the university hospitals in our region employ 15 percent fewer doctors, have a 20 percent lower success rate in treating patients, make far less overall profit, and pay their medical staff considerably less than do private hospitals. Furthermore, many doctors at university hospitals typically divide their time among teaching, conducting research, and treating patients. From this it seems clear that the quality of care at university hospitals is lower than that at other kinds of hospitals.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
报纸的健康板块上的文章：
有一种普遍的错误观念认为大学医院比社区或私人医院更好。这个想法是无根据的，我们地区的大学医院较之私人医院，少雇15%的医生，对患者的治愈率要低20%，总体利润要小得多，给一户员工的待遇比私人医院低很多。而且，很多大学医院的医生将他们的时间分为教学，直到研究和看病几部分。从此可明显看出大学医院的服务质量比其他医院低。
提纲：
1， 从一个医院的情况就推广到整个太草率
2， 治愈率低可能是因为接受的患者得的病都比较罕见等原因造成的
3， 工资低，总体利润低，时间分配给教学都不能一定说明质量差。可能其他福利好，接受的病人少，教学研究有助于进步
原始狗：
7.30
pudding1990
AA:一个研究表明锻炼可以减少人们进医院的次数，所以一个地方政府决定建一个well-equipped gym，这样的话就可以减少对employees 的医疗保险的费用，帮助政府achieve a balanced budget.
lemoncat1103
8.04
AA：一个研究说exercise regularly比那些don't exercise的少生病，所以一个公司应该为他的雇员建一个gym，这样可以减少雇员健康保险的开销，从而achieve a balance town budget。
The following appeared in a memo to the Saluda town council from the town’s business manager.
“Research indicates that those who exercise regularly are hospitalized less than half as often as those who don’t exercise. By providing a well-equipped gym for Saluda’s municipal employees, we should be able to reduce the cost of our group health insurance coverage by approximately 50% and thereby achieve a balanced town budget.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.
Saluda镇的商业管理者给镇议会的备忘录：
研究显示有规律地锻炼的人生病的概率比不运动的人要小一半。通过给Saluda的市政雇员提供一个设备良好的体育馆，我们应该可以大约减少50％的健康保险支出并得到平衡的镇预算。
提纲：
1. There is no causal relationship between the development of the employees' health and the provision of a well-equipped gym.
2. Therefore, the reduction of the cost of group health insurance coverage expected by the author is not guaranteed.
3. Even if the provision of the gym can cause a reduction of the cost, no one can rely on it to achieve a balanced town budget since the health incidents occur very randomly.作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:03
21．
题库: 出处带确认 感谢葵G提供原文 频率：5 Warning
原始狗：
7.30
斯巴达克
是 一个城市股市不好，大家都应该来买房地产
clair1024
8.02
AA是在过去5年一个城市的house price比average stock price增长大 而且房子在投资的同时还可以enjoy一下 所以建议all residents in the city都去做房产投资
terryblue
8.03
AA,说是某市房价五年翻了翻，股市跌，residents应该买房而不是买股票
200702061
8.04
AA 由于在过去5年中，某城市的home prices比average stock price增长大 有些stock price甚至下降了， 而且投资房产既可以享受住房又增加投资收益所以建议all residents in the city都去做房产投资
侯冬冬
8.04
坐稳AA是说房地产投资那个
The following appeared in a realtor’s brochure in a large city:
“Now is the perfect time to buy a house in our city. Over the past five years, average home prices in our region have nearly doubled. But average stock prices in the national stock market have actually declined over the same period. So homeowners have seen an increase in value for their housing investment during the last five years that far exceeds what they could have made by investing in the stock market. Our city’s residents can surely achieve a similar profit over the next five years. Furthermore, if residents invest in a home, they can enjoy the use of the home while its value increases, whereas money invested in stocks would not contribute to their quality of life in the same way that owning a home would. Therefore, all the residents of our city should invest their money in a home.”
Source:http://www.51highscore.com/blog/?action=tags&item=GMAT+Essay
1、 过去不能预测未来， 房子在过去的五年升值并不能代表在未来的几年也升值
2、 错误的假设， 错误的假设房子能够contribute to their quality of life, 很可能人们买房子仅仅是为了投资，而不是自己住进去享受生活。作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:03
The following appeared as part of a business plan created by the management of the Take Heart Fitness Center.
“After opening the new swimming pool early last summer, Take Heart saw a 12 percent increase in the use of the center by members. Therefore, in order to increase the number of our members and thus our revenues, which depend on membership fees, we should continue to add new recreational facilities in subsequent years: for example, a multipurpose game room, a tennis court, and a miniature golf course. Being the only center in the area offering this range of activities would give us a competitive advantage in the health and recreation market.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.
Take Heart健身中心的管理者起草的商业计划：
去年夏天开了新的游泳池以后，TH发现会员对中心的使用率增加了12％。因此，为了增加我们的会员数量和决定于会员费的收入，我们应该在以后几年中继续增加新的娱乐设施：比如，一个多功能游戏室，一个网球场，一个迷你高尔夫球场。作为本地唯一一家提供各种活动的健身中心，我们将在健身和娱乐市场建立竞争优势。
提纲：
1. 忽略他因。
2. 错误类比。
3. 收入和支出
1. causal oversimplification
2. a benefit-cost analysis should be given
3. Whether the proposed recreational facilities are popular among the people of this area is unknown.作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:03
24．
题库: 频率：1
原始狗：
miller811
8.04
AA: greentree grocer want to lay off 10 emplyees each store and eliminate the display to reduce cost, and partner with a coffee shop to increase the sales since surveys show the coffee shop and grocer has similar costumers
待补充 :
Source:http://www.51highscore.com/blog/?action=tags&item=GMAT+Essay
A retail grocery store has improved sales but decreased profits. In order to improve its profits, the store has a new business plan – to lay off 10 employees without losing the store's luxury and expert services and to partner with XYZ Cafe, which has similar types of customers. （此题内容不全，为机经回忆整理而成。）作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:04
原始狗：
夏花berry
8.04
argument说一个center要增加健身项目因为它是only one in the area 有competitive advantage
疑似AA23 题库108待狗主人确认作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:06
29．
题库: 44 AWA224-44 频率：2
原始狗：
echosweet
8.04
AA 大概是说，某家grocery store去年新开了一个pharmacy section，导致销售额（还是利润？忘了……）涨了20%，所以推断出来，这种更为convenience的one-stop shopping更受消费者欢迎。所以管理层决定明年要继续开其他的section，比如clothing department，restaurant，automobile supplies and repair shop等等。说该grocery store作为该区域唯一的一家具备这么多功能的商店，一定会更具有竞争力。
ritazhang54321
8.07
The following is part of a business plan created by the management of the Megamart grocery store.
“Our total sales have increased this year by 20 percent since we added a pharmacy section to our grocery store. Clearly, the customer’s main concern is the convenience afforded by one-stop shopping. The surest way to increase our profits over the next couple of years, therefore, is to add a clothing department along with an automotive supplies and repair shop. We should also plan to continue adding new departments and services, such as a restaurant and a garden shop, in subsequent years. Being the only store in the area that offers such a range of services will give us a competitive advantage over other local stores.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
Megamart杂货店的管理层的商务计划：
由于我们在杂货店内加了药剂部分，今年我们的总体销售额增加了20%。显然，顾客主要关注的是一次性购物的便利性。在今后两年内提高我们的利润的最佳方法是增加一个成衣部门和一个汽车配件和维修商店。我们同时也应该在最后的纪念中继续增加新的部门和服务，比如餐馆，园艺商店。成为本地唯一的提供如此广泛服务的商店将给我们带来超越其他商店的竞争优势。
提纲：
1.总体销售额增加20%利润不一定也会相应增加
2.销售额的增加不一定是由于增加了这个部门造成的
3.以后是否还会有如此效果不一定。因为可能已经有企业提供更专业更优质的商品和服务。
原始狗：
mochysisu
8.04
AA：两家钢琴公司，LARGO 和Allegro,Largo 产的钢琴又贵，总之一句话，名牌！但是最近几年销量很惨淡，Allegro引进了电子钢琴（digital piano）然后销量就很好，作者认为Largo 应该仿照Allegro 也引进电子钢琴，并且预测引进电子钢琴后，would likely receive instant acceptance，大致就是这样
macyandy
8.06
AA两家钢琴公司关于引进某个生产线的策略的
无法阻挡的兔子
8.06
Largo company is well known for its expensive high quality handcrafed piano. however, sales declined recently. Another 做钢琴的公司，叫Allegro, 最近引进了一批inexpensive digital pianos, revenues increased immediately. 为了增加我们的销售，为了outsellAllegro， 所以我们也应该introduce a variety of pianos with a wide range of price. 并且我们引进的digital pianos are likely to see immediate success,因为那些买这些钢琴的人会把这些钢琴associate with our 高档的品牌名誉
The following appeared in a memorandum from the development director of the Largo Piano Company.
“The Largo Piano Company has long been known for producing carefully handcrafted, expensive pianos used by leading concert pianists. During the past few years, however, our revenues have declined; meanwhile, the Allegro Musical Instrument Company introduced a line of inexpensive digital pianos and then saw its revenues increase. In order to increase Largo’s sales and in fact outsell Allegro, we should introduce a line of digital pianos in a variety of price ranges. Our digital pianos would be likely to find instant acceptance with customers, since they would be associated with the prestigious Largo name.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
提纲：
1.The increase of revenue may just coincided with the sale of inexpensive digital pianos, while the two actually had no causal realationship.
2.The strategy used in other companys may not be suit for the Largo Piano.
3.The expected instant acceptance with customers may not be the case. As the fact the author cited, the revenue of the Largo Piano have declined during the past five years, it may no longer own the prestige.
32．
题库: 64 AWA224-63 频率：3 Warning
原始狗：
darkchoco
8.04
感谢darkchoco提供原文
exchange
8.06
AA是关于一个Company X 弄了个survey发现communication是员工最关心的。然后说公司实行了一个定期的communication session with high-level management. 但是这个是自愿的。然后它就得出了个结论说，Company X 解决（不确定是不是这个词）了这个issue.
很多点都是错的。感觉蛮容易的。
找到原题了
Christy1990
8.06
Company x 坐了个调研，提高公司上下层之间的交流是员工认为最有必要的，于是blur•••blur•••是本次题库考过的题
The following appeared in a memorandum from the Director of Human Resources to the executive officers of Company X.
“Last year, we surveyed our employees on improvements needed at Company X by having them rank, in order of importance, the issues presented in a list of possible improvements. Improved communications between employees and management was consistently ranked as the issue of highest importance by the employees who responded to the survey. As you know, we have since instituted regular communications sessions conducted by high-level management, which the employees can attend on a voluntary basis. Therefore, it is likely that most employees at Company X now feel that the improvement most needed at the company has been made.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc
人力资源经理给X公司的经营主管的备忘录：
去年，我们向员工调查他们认为X公司应该进行的改进，让他们把改进按重要性排列。结果列印为一张可能的改进的表格。根据调查中员工的反应，“加强员工和管理层的沟通”最具重要性，稳居调查表之首。如你所知，那以后我们建立了由高层管理人员组织，雇员可以自愿参加的常规交流会。因此，看来X的多数员工认为最应该进行的改进已经完成了。
提纲：
1. The result of a last year's survey does not necessarily represent the improvement most needed of this year.
2. How was the survey held has not been illustrated by the author, thus making the conclusion groundless.
3. Whether the implement of the mentioned resolution is right or wrong is still unkonwn, it is still too early to say the improvement has been made.
原始狗：
joe5436611
8.05
AA:Construction in Oak City，然后说自从Oak建造了个工程，就parking shortage了，然后crime，vagrancy也出现问题。那么Ekm City就应该参考Oak，不要进行此项目。
memory09
8.05
AA：说在一个城市去年开了一个shopping mall后，一些local business 倒闭了，停车场告急，犯罪率上升了，所以这个城市应该以后不要通过的shopping Mall的申请新。
The following editorial appeared in the Elm City paper.
“The construction last year of a shopping mall in downtown Oak City was a mistake. Since the mall has opened, a number of local businesses have closed, and the downtown area suffers from an acute parking shortage, and arrests for crime and vagrancy have increased in the nearby Oak City Park. Elm City should pay attention to the example of the Oak City mall and deny the application to build a shopping mall in Elm City.”(新题)
Elm城的报纸上的社论：
去年在橡树城市中心修建购物中心是个错误。由于中心开业，大量的本地企业倒闭了。而且市中心受到严重缺乏停车位的困扰。在附近的橡树城公园拘捕的罪犯和流浪汉也增加了。榆树城应该注意橡树城购物中心的例子并防止在榆树城建立购物中心。
提纲：
1.作者所给出的所有问题和商场的建设都是时间上的前后关系而没有给出证据显示他们的因果关系
2.作者只给出了不好的结果而没有给出好的影响很可能权衡利弊之后被选择的是要开这个商场
3.这个商场的建立不应该也不能由此就否定以后所有的商场的建立作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:08
34．
题库: B9 频率：2
原始狗：
isay
8.06
一个公司专业版的财务软件卖的很好，但是个人家庭版卖的不好。建议把专业版的一些功能添加到个人版，就能卖好了。
clearshinichi
8.06
写作AA：
一家公司设计SmartPro accounting software，他们在personal software上不如竞争对手，但是通过survey调查得知professional的software长期有竞争优势的原因是professional software里有一些advanced special features，因此他们为了决定increase personal software的sale by adding advanced special features of their professional software.
The following appeared in a memorandum to a team developing accounting software for SmartPro Software, Inc.:
“Currently, more professional accountants use SmartPro accounting software than any other brand. However, in the market for personal accounting software for non-professionals to use in preparing their income tax returns, many of our competitors are outselling us. In surveys, our professional customers repeatedly say that they have chosen SmartPro Software because our most sophisticated software products include more advanced special features than competing brands. Therefore, the most effective way for us to increase sales of our personal accounting software for home users would clearly be to add the advanced special features that our professional software products currently offer.”作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:08
35．
题库:黄金80里106题 频率：1
原始狗：
Cissi61
8.06
AA: today, more on-line reading materials and e-books that could be either downloaded from internet or stored in CD-roms are available to people. Thus the readers can read e-books for free instead of paying for books. Someone uses an on-line survey, the result of which indicates that 1) 72% of people who took the survey are likely to read on computer; 2) 82% people of these on-line readers think classic literature is important. So this person suggests that we should invest in e-books (or on-line reading services) as this is a big market.
见原始狗: 感谢好心情提供source作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:08
36．
题库: 频率：1
原始狗：
lamkit
8.07 厦门
AA 在2006 pool里没找到
说因为increasing industrial pollution,某地区的National parks对游客的吸引力不像过去一样好了，tourism industry的revenue在过去五年持续下降。最近在这些national parks里发现了矿产。政府应该同意mining，因为1. mining companies 将会提高政府的tax revenue 2. 会提供hundreds of jobs for workers previously working in tourism industry. 另外，即使without mining，tourism 的revenue还是会下降，所以应该批准mining
见原始狗作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:09
37．
题库: B8 频率：1
原始狗：
呜啦呜啦dd
8.09
The following appeared in a presentation by the chief production manager of a machine parts manufacturing company at a management meeting:
“Our factory in Cookville is our most advanced and efficient. It is capable of producing ten drill bits for each dollar of production costs, whereas none of our other factories can produce more than seven drill bits per dollar of production costs. Therefore, we can reduce our overall drill bit production costs by devoting the Cookville factory entirely to drill bit production. Since reducing the production costs of individual machine parts is the only way to achieve our larger goal of reducing our overall production costs, dedicating the Cookville factory entirely to drill bit production and shifting all other machine part production to our other factories will help us to attain that larger goal.”作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:09
38．
题库: 16 AWA224-16 频率：2
原始狗：
agnesliu
8.09
sunday七月
8.09
AA: 过去，有graduate degree毕业于W 的JOB SEEKERS很难找到教大学生专业的工作~近年，这种人会比以往好找那样的工作~由于到上大学的年龄的人增多，而且JOB MARKET improve。。。。。。
The following appeared as part of an article in the education section of a Waymarsh City newspaper.
“Throughout the last two decades, those who earned graduate degrees found it very difficult to get jobs teaching their academic specialties at the college level. Those with graduate degrees from Waymarsh University had an especially hard time finding such jobs. But better times are coming in the next decade for all academic job seekers, including those from Waymarsh. Demographic trends indicate that an increasing number of people will be reaching college age over the next ten years; consequently, we can expect that the job market will improve dramatically for people seeking college-level teaching positions in their fields.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
to achieve our larger goal of reducing our overall production costs, dedicating the Cookville factory entirely to drill bit production and shifting all other machine part production to our other factories will help us to attain that larger goal.”作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:10
31．
题库: 频率：1
原始狗：
pengtiansh
8.04
一家广告公司的IT部分建议加大IT软硬件投资，能扩大公司的利润。
The following appeared in a memorandum from the information technology department of a major advertising firm:
“The more efficient a firm’s employees are, the more profitable that firm will be. Improvements in a firm’s information technology hardware and software are a proven way to increase the efficiency of employees who do the majority of their work on computers. Therefore, if our firm invests in the most powerful and advanced information technology available, employee productivity will be maximized. This strategy ensures that every dollar spent on enhanced information technology will help to increase our firm’s profit margins.”
Discuss how well reasoned . . .etc.
1、 因果错误：The more efficient a firm’s employees are, the more profitable that firm will be . 公司效率高不仅与员工效率有关系，还与外界的市场环境，企业的经营状况有关。
2、 .错误假设，引进了新技术，员工的生产力就一定会提高，也有可能新技术引进了，员工由于不熟悉并不充分利用
3、 引入新技术不一定会增加公司利润，忽略成本，有可能新技术成本很高，需要很多年才能回收，而且培训员工学习新技术也需要花非常多的钱。作者: linly 时间: 2010-8-12 22:10
38．
题库: 16 AWA224-16 频率：2
原始狗：
agnesliu
8.09
sunday七月
8.09
AA: 过去，有graduate degree毕业于W 的JOB SEEKERS很难找到教大学生专业的工作~近年，这种人会比以往好找那样的工作~由于到上大学的年龄的人增多，而且JOB MARKET improve。。。。。。
The following appeared as part of an article in the education section of a Waymarsh City newspaper.
“Throughout the last two decades, those who earned graduate degrees found it very difficult to get jobs teaching their academic specialties at the college level. Those with graduate degrees from Waymarsh University had an especially hard time finding such jobs. But better times are coming in the next decade for all academic job seekers, including those from Waymarsh. Demographic trends indicate that an increasing number of people will be reaching college age over the next ten years; consequently, we can expect that the job market will improve dramatically for people seeking college-level teaching positions in their fields.”
Discuss how well reasoned... etc.
Waymarsh城日报教育版的一篇文章：
过去的20年内，研究生毕业生发现找到在大学教授他们的学术专长的工作是很困难的。那些从Waymarsh获得研究生学位的要找到这类工作尤其困难。但在下个10年，寻找学术工作的人（包括那些Waymarsh大学的）的好日子要来了。人口统计趋势显示达到上大学年龄的人将在未来10年增加。我们可预期对那些在他们的领域寻找大学教学工作的人来说，工作市场将显著增大。
提纲：
1. 适龄人口增加不一定上大学人数就一定增加
2. 就算上大学人数增加需要的大学老师也不一定增加
3. 就算需要的老师增加,waymarsh的就业也不见得会水涨船高.
1， 人口增加也不一定都上大学。很可能都选择了就业。
2， even if we grant the preceding assumption上大学的人多了不一定需要更多老师，很可能大学通过增大一个班人数的方式，保持原有老师数；
3， 就算需要GRADUATED DEGREE的人，也不代表W也会benefit from this trend，缺少信息，它可能是一个质量不好的大学，学校不会从这里的人中挑选。foretold regarding the employability
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