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标题: 【求助！~GWD一道逻辑题~~谢谢】 [打印本页]

作者: victoria820 时间: 2010-4-16 07:21 标题: 【求助！~GWD一道逻辑题~~谢谢】

In the years following an eight-cent increase in the federal tax on a pack of cigarettes, sales of cigarettes fell ten percent. In contrast, in the year prior to the tax increase, sales had fallen one percent. The volume of cigarette sales is therefore strongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes.

The argument above requires which of the following assumptions?
A.During the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes did not increase by as much as it had during the year prior to the tax increase.
B.The one percent fall in cigarette sales in the year prior to tax increases was due to a smaller tax increase. Strengthen
C.The pretax price of a pack of cigarettes gradually decreased throughout the year before and the year after the tax increase. Stregnthen
D.For the year following the tax increase, the pretax price of a pack of cigarettes was not eight or more cents lower than it had been the previous year.
E.As the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes rises, the pretax price also rises.

答案选D，有谁能帮帮忙解释一下这道题的逻辑么？题目好晕~~谢谢了！~~~~

作者: YINDAPENG 时间: 2010-4-16 21:36

1、读题：假设题
2、读文章：加税后，销售量下降，所以结论就说销售量的下降肯定是加税使税后价格上涨导致的。
3、看选项：D在说，加税后这年的税前价格跟去年比并没有低8块钱以上，似乎不太好理解，但取非就是说加税后税前价格比去年多8块以上，如果是这样那么价格上涨就不是由加税导致的了，所以必须排除。

作者: olddream 时间: 2010-4-17 00:20

1、读题：假设题
2、读文章：加税后，销售量下降，所以结论就说销售量的下降肯定是加税使税后价格上涨导致 ...
YINDAPENG 发表于 2010-4-16 21:36

同意

作者: YINDAPENG 时间: 2010-4-17 08:46

The volume of cigarette sales is therefore strongly related to the after-tax price of a pack of cigarettes
the volume of cigarette是什么意思？？。。。。。

作者: YINDAPENG 时间: 2010-4-17 22:22

The volume of cigarette sales就是“cigarette的销售量”

不过不好意思我刚才又看了看发现我可能搞错逻辑了...居然还选对了...
原文是在说：加了税之后，销售量下降了，从而推出税后价格与销售量有着密切的联系。
文章隐含的假设应该是：加了税之后税后价格一定上升了...用这个假设可以把前提结论严密的串起来。
最后看，所以选D，它排除了税后价格没有上升的可能，即符合文章的隐含假设...

sorry...第一次没太仔细看...

作者: happydw 时间: 2010-4-18 08:17

其实文章中有一个隐含的假设，就是“加税是今年导致税后价格上涨的最主要因素”。这也

就是寻找选项的指南针。
A说：加税这一年税前价格增长并不等于前一年税前价格增长。没有讨论价格上涨的原因，只是

在比较大小，纯粹无关。
B说：去年1%的销售下降就是由于加税导致的。跟今年无关，加强型无关。
C说：加税前一年如何如何，后一年如何如何。还是跟今年无关。
E说：在税后价格上涨的同时，税前价格也上涨了。这句话没能证明税后价格上涨到底是谁导致

的。

只有D排除了“加税不是导致今年税后价格上涨”的可能性，支持了隐含假设。

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