4.黑人大妈 ---simon的第一题
第一段：说有个W女，黑人女性。开个化妆品公司，不仅是为了盈利，更多的是为了提高黑人女性的地位等。
第二段： （第一句有个考点。）不仅希望顾客从中提高社会地位，还希望员工也提高social status。
主旨：描述黑人大妈的营销理念和目标。/说法不一
题目：
1.主旨题：如上---说法不一
2.黑人大妈希望自己的agent如何做：personal appearance to show a social status.”
3.黑人大妈希望别的agent如何做：
答案不一。有说提高黑人女性地位的，有说segment的。作者: casnio 时间: 2010-4-15 16:08
5.食物链（附内容很一致的文章）---原文！！！！！----
Biomagnification means that the level of atoxin in animals' tissues rises as one moves up the food chain. For instance,as larvae eat algae, fish eat the larvae, and bigger fish eat smaller fish, the toxin present in the algae becomes increasingly concentrated; top predators like swordfish and polar bears end up with the highest doses in their tissues.This can happen with stable, fatsoluble chemicals that aren't easily excretedin urine or feces. Biomagnification was first studied in the late 1960s in aquatic food webs, explains Frank Gobas, professor at Simon Fraser University and leader of the study. To screen chemicals, scientists began using a property known as Kow, which indicates how readily a chemical dissolves in water compared with fat and thus predicts how easily it will move from a fish's blood lipids into water through its gills（鱼鳞）. Low-Kow, or more water soluble, chemicals don't build up in the fish food chain and were assumed to be safe.
Environmental chemists realized, however, that this assumption might not hold in food chains involving mammals and birds because their lungs are in contact with air, not water. This means that many chemicals that are relatively soluble in water and therefore don't accumulate in fish might remain in the tissues ofl and animals if they aren't volatile enough to easily move from the lungs into the air (predicted by a property called Koa). Supporting this idea, some organic chemicals that don't biomagnify in fish appeared to be doing so in other wildlife and humans.
To explore this hypothesis, Gobas and graduate student Barry Kelly and colleagues collected plant and animal tissue samples— from lichens to beluga whales killed in Inuit hunts—in the Arctic, where, because of weather patterns and cold temperatures, organic pollutant levels are high. They tested the samples not only for known POPs but also for several chemicals with a low Kow but high Koa, which suggested they might biomagnify in air-breathing animals. The measured levels of contaminants for various animals in aquatic and land food webs were similar to those predicted from a bioaccumulation model incorporating Koa and Kow, suggesting the model was correct. Chemicals with low Kow and high Koa stood out as potentially risky.
逻辑简图：
第一段：科学家发现动物身体的毒素会随着食物链而传导。Since幼虫吃藻类，鱼吃幼虫，大鱼吃小鱼----最后大鱼或北极熊这种终极动物则身体里毒素会变高。但是由于水生动物身体里有一种物质可以溶于脂肪，帮助他们将体内毒素排出，所以他们LOW kow，也就是说他们是安全的
.
7.浮游生物转圈----附文章，原文！！------题比较不全
第一段：先说浮游生物和阿米虫比人们想象的要聪明！
amoebas阿米虫的研究----他们转圈，有一种初始记忆。第一次如果向右转，第二次向左转的几率就比向右转的几率大两倍。这样的话她们就能吃到更多的东东
第二段：另一种---zooplankton浮游生物的研究。他们吃食物的最佳角度是36度。这样不多不少，若少了或多了就不好啦！！
主旨：说浮游生物和阿米虫的捕食策略
题目比较少：
就是问为什么Plankton第一次往左（还是右？）后下一次往右拐的概率翻倍----因为有初始记忆吗！
SOME of the most basic organisms are smarter than we thought. Rather than moving about randomly, amoebas and plankton employ sophisticated strategies to look for food and might travel in a way that optimises their foraging.
Biophysicists have long tried to explain how creatures of all sizes search for food. However, single-celled organisms such as bacteria seem to move in no particular direction in their search.
To investigate, Liang Li and Edward Cox at Princeton University
studied the movements of amoebas（变形虫） (Dictyostelium) in a Petri dish（细胞培养皿）, recording the paths travelled by 12 amoebas, including every turn and movement straight ahead, for 8 to 10 hours per amoeba.
Immediately after an amoeba turned right, it was twice as likely to turn left as right again, and vice versa（先往右转，然后再往左转的几率是往右转的两倍）, they told a meeting of the American Physical Society meeting in Denver, Colorado, last week. This suggests that the cells have a rudimentary memory（初步记忆）, being able to remember the last direction they had just turned in, says Robert Austin, a biophysicist at Princeton who was not involved in the study.
Such memories might be laid down（规定，制定） because of the way the cell moves. To turn, an amoeba extends part of its body in the preferred direction, which creates a scar（伤疤） made of protein down that side of the cell. The scar might make the cell temporarily more likely to move in the opposite direction. For the amoeba, the pay-off is that it avoids travelling in circles and hence can search a larger area.
题目：
1.红宝书和绿宝书的类比与下列哪个相似：---类比题
limited supply, sufficient storage
2.一道关于作者的题：重点看热带雨林，case by case
3.支持红宝书的人的观点：他们认为书里挺全的
4.关于热带小鸟哪个是错的：现在才开始研究它（except题）
5.主旨题：suggest a strategy to correct a flaw technology..
6.只用红皮书来断定会出现什么问题：
主要就是说绿皮书里面包括更多的还有的动物，而红皮书不全，因为有的动物并不是因为没有濒危才没有记载，而是因为没有人去研究他们。
11.岩洞壁画----simon考题
第一段：提出了一个观点，能证明XX，解释的弊端XXX
第二段：提出了另一个观点，能解释XX, 不能解释XX
题目：
1.高亮题：针对第一段最后一句话。
2.高亮题：第二段第一句新观点
3.indicate题：内容不详
4.下列哪种画不可能出现----注意看画儿的种类
5.描述的动物一个题目是问第二种理论支持哪个观点，我选的是cave art一般在outside the deep cave 的地方作者: casnio 时间: 2010-4-15 16:14
28.虚拟经济和实体经济
第一段：说虚拟经济是啥么，实体经济是啥么。然后说人们一直认为trade影响经济，然而其实不太相关---有个举例，就是想强调数量大
题目：
1.(v42)问文章给出的信息支持以下哪个观点：我选择的是19**年trade of goods and services 大量增长（依据是第二段开头写到 rades of goods and services have been larger than ever before）
2. 有考题，问提到鬼子有何用意，就答就业反常停滞这点意思
3.若是传统的观点-----实体经济决定虚拟经济
4.凯恩斯观点---- The capital & debt flow, etc. determines the trade of goods and services.？？质疑----两者可以同时决定？？
29.写实主义绘画
有关摄影技术的争议（这篇我做得最差，仅供后人补充参考，大家别上心）
第一段：以前人们对Photography的看法是主要要靠实力，怎么取景啊，色彩啊什么之类的。但是20世纪开始，鉴赏家们发现了拍摄者事后修改图像的迹象（这里用了一个the hand in, 之后有题目的).有些鉴赏家就不爽了，觉得你们小丫的怎么可以这样呢，要原汁原味。
第二段：介绍了照片修改的一些由来。20世纪以来怎么样怎么样。然后举了以为叫ABC的家伙，这人呢在事后修改照片上面颇有造诣，出神入化。但是他更多地是拍一些和家庭生活有关的照片。然后说了业余的，专业的什么的，没看懂
关键是，整篇文章的脉络没怎么看清楚。似乎作者还是对这个技术持有比较宽容的态度。（大家别上心，这里有主旨题看法题）
题目
1. 在第一段提到的 the hand in XXX(就是说事后修改照片的痕迹）和以下哪项中的hand表达的意思最为接近
举了一些hand的意思，比如give a hand to啊什么之类。有心的童鞋可以字典上查一下"hand"用法对解题会大有帮助
2. 作者对这种“事后修改照片”还是“第二段那个家伙的具体做法”抱有什么样看法
选项就是一些看法咯。
3. 问到了第二段那个叫ABC的NB他的处理照片的一些特点。（我晕了当时）
选项好像是景色啊，图像比较细腻，主要围绕家庭生活啊，比较专业还是比较业余啊作者: casnio 时间: 2010-4-15 16:15
36.工厂选址问题-----附原文-------一模一样的原文。。。。。，我记得我考到了3个问题，不过两个都是跟这个一样的
Manufacturing site location is an important consideration in determining the optimal deployment（调度，部署） of a firm’s production resources, but one that is usually given only limited attention. Decisions about location are often based purely on quantitative analyses that trade off（权衡） transportation costs, economies of scale, and other cost-based variables.---运输成本，经济规模，成本转换。 This practice, however, can lead to suboptimal results, as decision-makers tend to focus only on easily quantifiable factors. A further disadvantage of strictly cost-based methods is that they tend to focus on cost advantage factors, which are often transitory（短暂的） Government regulations, tax systems, and exchange rates can quickly change. Strategies based on such parameters may eventually be rendered obsolete by the very factors that first created an advantage.
In contrast, qualitative issues, which are frequently neglected in choosing manufacturing site locations, are often central to creating and supporting a competitive advantage. For example, the level of skill possessed by the local workforce varies with location; consequently, location can affect the ability of firms to implement skill-based process technologies. When formulating a site location strategy, companies should therefore emphasize qualitative factors to ensure that the chosen strategy supports the company’s overall business strategy. Only after establishing a set of desirable location options should companies refine choices using cost-based factors.
逻辑简图：
第一段：公司选址问题经常得不到重视。经常由量化指标来衡量，比如经济价值，成本等等；并且另一个缺点是这种会受汇率政府管制等的影响，从而优势会变为劣势。
第二段：相比之下公司应该选择更加追求质量的标准，因为不同地区不同特点。工厂工人不同，技术不同等等。只有建立这种可行的选址标准和选择，才能让公司cost based。
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Q13. The passage suggests which of the following concerning qualitative methods used in choosing manufacturing sites?
A. They are more likely than are quantitative methods to identify issues crucial to maintaining a competitive advantage
B. They are least useful to companies with relatively low levels of manufacturing technology
C. They have little value when applied to decisions other than choice of site
D. They are more risky for decision makers than are quantitative methods
E. They are used more frequently by multinational corporations than by companies with strictly domestic operations.
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Q14. According to the passage, analysis of quantitative factors is best used for which of the following?
A. Determining strategies for offsetting qualitative disadvantages in manufacturing site locations 错
B. Evaluating manufacturing site-location parameters affecting long-term competitive advantage 错
C. Choosing manufacturing site locations that have access to optimal workforce populations 错
D. Narrowing manufacturing site location options arrived it through qualitative analysis
E. Making decisions about business considerations other than location of manufacturing sites 没说other than
细节题：-----以下哪种是第一段提到的选择方式----注意看经济模式。作者: casnio 时间: 2010-4-15 16:16
37.残余应力-----由于看了XYXB的，做的我爽死了，看的时候简直是横扫。
题目-----第三段有两道题！！！！
1计算方法为什么重要----第三段定位
2 细节题，定位就是第二段中提到的这个计算方法
3 问作者support那个观点， 我在“stress in dental fillings can be beneficial”和“PEENing is the most common way”间犹豫了
4. 这个新方法跟传统材料之间应用还是什么的关系----新方法多好多好？
第三段中两道---电子芯片和减少建筑材料
--------------XYXB-----------------------------
Q1:我选的是牙科上的残余压力(residual stress)是有益的
Q2选了个减少建筑用材料的选项.
Q3:问原文中的analytical competence（分析能力）指的是什么,我选了measure directly什么field的那个.
Q4就是选电子芯片那个.
41. （from760）女性地位
一种假说，女性的地位在一段时间内从golden age 变到现在的exploitation虽然has not been entirely unchallenged（可恶啊，用了双重否定，我想了半天）------有被否定，yet still have some influences. 女性地位的change大致是从3个方面判断的：具体做的工作，时间，第三个忘了。
之后转折说这种changes need criticizm，把上面3点都反驳了一下，有很明显的first ,second…反驳的理由包括：1这种change是临时的 2工作的时间短还是什么3 这种change要放在长期的环境下综合各方面因素（这里列了很多因素）考虑。最后说women其实受的职业培训少，参加的工作简单，所以根本算不上什么worker。
题目我只记得一题了作者认为女性的工作地位从**年到**年发生了什么变化，选项有
A都变好 B都变坏 C stay the same while deteriorated in some aspects
D stayed the same while 在某方面变好 E一些方面变好一些方面变不好作者: myice 时间: 2010-4-15 17:13
辛苦辛苦了作者: xiner_333 时间: 2010-4-16 15:54
辛苦楼主了作者: painsper 时间: 2010-4-17 08:39
感谢！！作者: bettytons 时间: 2010-4-18 08:02
many thanks !!!!作者: serein 时间: 2010-4-19 16:30
感谢分享作者: yyhaire 时间: 2010-4-21 02:11
谢谢分享
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