Q6-Q9 GWD-29-Q3-Q6

         In a 1984 book, Claire C.

        Robertson argued that,

        before colonialism, age was

Line     a more important indicator

  (5)    of status and authority than

gender in Ghana and in

Africa generally.  British

colonialism imposed

European-style male-

 (10)      dominant notions upon

more egalitarian local

situations to the detriment

of women generally, and

gender became a defining

 (15)      characteristic that weak-

ened women’s power and

authority.

      Subsequent research in

Kenya convinced Robertson

 (20)    that she had overgeneralized

        about Africa.  Before colo-

       nialism, gender was more

salient in central Kenya than

it was in Ghana, although age

 (25)    was still crucial in determin-

ing authority.  In contrast with

Ghana, where women had

traded for hundreds of years

and achieved legal majority

 (30)    (not unrelated phenomena),

the evidence regarding

central Kenya indicated that

        women were legal minors

and were sometimes treated

 (35)
                as male property, as were

European women at that

time.  Factors like strong

patrilinearity and patrilocality,

        as well as women’s inferior

 (40)   land rights and lesser

involvement in trade, made

women more dependent on

men than was generally the

case in Ghana.  However,

 (45)    since age apparently

remained the overriding

principle of social organiza-

tion in central Kenya, some

senior women had much

 (50)      authority.  Thus, Robertson

revised her hypothesis

somewhat, arguing that

in determining authority in

precolonial Africa age was a

 (55)      primary principle that super-

seded gender to varying

degrees depending on the

situation.

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6. GWD29-Q3:略

7. GWD29-Q4:

The passage indicates that Robertson’s research in Kenya caused her to change her mind regarding which of the following?

Whether age was the prevailing principle of social organization in Kenya before colonialism

Whether gender was the primary determinant of social authority in Africa generally before colonialism

Whether it was only after colonialism that gender became a significant determinant of authority in Kenyan society
Whether age was a crucial factor determining authority in Africa after colonialism

Whether British colonialism imposed European-style male-dominant notions upon local situations in Ghana

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8. GWD29-Q5:

The passage suggests that after conducting the research mentioned in line 18, but not before, Robertson would have agreed with which of the following about women’s status and authority in Ghana?

Greater land rights and greater involvement in trade made women in precolonial Ghana less dependent on men than were European women at that time.

Colonialism had a greater impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women than on Kenyan women.
Colonialism had less of an impact on the status and authority of Ghanaian women that it had on the status and authority of other African women.

The relative independence of Ghanaian women prior to colonialism was unique in Africa.

Before colonialism, the status and authority of Ghanaian women was similar to that of Kenyan women.

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9. GWD29-Q6:

The author of the passage mentions the status of age as a principle of social organization in precolonial central Kenya in lines 24-26 most likely in order to

indicate that women’s dependence on men in precolonial Kenya was not absolute

contrast the situation of senior women to that of less senior women in precolonial Kenyan society

differentiate between the status and authority of precolonial Kenyan women and that of precolonial Ghanaian women

explain why age superseded gender to a greater extent in precolonial Kenya than it did elsewhere in Africa

identify a factor that led Robertson to revise her hypothesis about precolonial Africa
 

 highlight部分是答案，我做出来的跟这三道题的答案都不一样，哭阿，大家看看有什么意见？答案都是对的？