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标题: 大家看看这道题吧 [打印本页]

作者: James    时间: 2009-9-25 11:11     标题: 大家看看这道题吧

Scientists have made genetic modifications to cotton to increase its resistance to insect pests.  According to farmers’ report, the amount of

insecticide needed per acre to control insect pests was only slightly lower for those who tried the modified seed than for those who did not. 

Therefore, since the modified seed costs more than ordinary seed without producing yields of higher market value, switching to the modified

seed would be unlikely to benefit most cotton farmers economically.

 

Which of the following would it be most useful to know in order to evaluate the argument?

 

A. Whether farmers who tried the modified cotton seed had ever tried growing other crops from genetically modified seed
B. Whether the insecticides typically used on ordinary cotton tend to be more expensive than insecticides typically used on other crops
C. Whether for most farmers who grow cotton it is their primary crop
D. Whether the farmers who have tried the modified seed planted as many acres of cotton, on average, as farmers using the ordinary seed did
E. Whether most of the farmers who tried the modified seed did so because they had previously had to use exceptionally large quantities of

insecticide

 

我个人倾向是E 不过OA似乎是D


作者: James    时间: 2009-9-25 12:41

说说个人理由吧,这么问有点没头没脑

 

我先把题目翻译了

 

科学家们对棉花进行了基因改造以便增加其对有害昆虫的抵抗能力。根据农场主的报告,那些尝试新品种棉花的农场主每亩所需要的杀虫剂的量仅仅比那些没有尝试该品种的农场数所使用的杀虫剂少一点。因此,由于改良的种子比常规种子贵很多却并没有产出更高的市场价值,换用改良的种子对于大多数棉花种植着而言在经济上无利可图。

下列选项中的哪一项可以最好的评价上述论述?


A 是否那些尝试改良棉花种子的农场主尝试过采用其他的基因改良品种的种子
B 是否那些使用在普通棉花上的杀虫剂会比那些使用在其他庄稼上的杀虫剂更贵

C 是否对于大多数种植棉花的农场主而言,棉花是他们的主要农作物
D 是否那些尝试改良棉花种子的农场主平均上和那些采用普通种子的农场主种植的棉花面积一样大
E 是否那些尝试改良棉花中的大多数农场主因为他们之前必须采用特别多的杀虫剂才采用改良种子


本题的基本逻辑结构是这样的:首先描述了一个转基因玉米可以抵抗害虫这个基本事实。然后给出了一个比较,就是那些用新玉米的农场主用的杀虫剂每亩并不比用老玉米的少。然后又指出经济上讲新玉米种子很贵,所以得出新玉米经济上不合算。文章在这里只采用了横向比较,换句话说就是农场和农场之间比较,所以文章有一个基本的假设是农场和农场之间的农作物生存环境基本一样,换句话说不同农场之间对于杀虫剂的需求是同样的。所以如果要对文章进行评价,就需要在这个假设的真实性上做出评价。ABC选项明显无关,D选项是无效比较,因为文章已经说明了每亩,所以和总面积无关。E是一个很好的评价,也就是说如果在不使用新品种的时候农场本身就需要更多的杀虫剂的话,那么,这就是一个纵向比较,说明这个尝试新品种的农场的环境本身就和其他农场环境不一样。






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