require doing sth 中doing是主动形式表被动形式，麻烦各位NN帮忙解释一下"require doing"在下面的选项中是做何理解的 - 为什么E选项逻辑上不合理. 在下脑子实在是转不过来了.

Judicial rules in many states require that the indentities of all prosecution witnesses be made known to defendants so that they can attempt to rebut the testimony, but the Constitution explicitly requires only that the defendant have the opportunity to confront an accuser in court.

E. making known to defendants the indentities of all presecution witnesses so that they can attempt to rebut

(以上划线部分已将正确答案填入～)

查了下资料作为参考：
want/need/require + doing .... 均可主动变被动。
sth need doing .... 就是说需要做这个事情了。
比如说: 花需要浇了.   正常翻译: 应该是花需要被浇的.
用need 翻译：就是 the flowers need watering. (用watering 的主动表示被浇)
                   相当于 the flowers need to be watered.

我倒觉得可以简单点看这个问题，want/need/require + doing无非是vt.+ gerund.的组合，也即doing是一个"名词".

而E里面错误在于they的指代不清吧，另外这里require后面的短语成分有点长，不如从句好.

谢谢楼主的解释～

其实我也知道E语法上是错的，我就是在想往万一阅读或者逻辑中出现了这样的一种表达怎么办，想搞搞

清楚～

有点钻牛角尖了