210. Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.
A. extending
B. extends
C. extended
D. it extended
E. is extending
Choice A, the best answer, preserves grammatical parallelism while allowing for logical expression of temporal relationships; A employs the parallel participial phrases spawned... and extending ... to modify filigree. Other choices present different grammatical constructions that are not participial modifiers and thus not parallel to spawned: extends in B is a present-tense verb; it extended in D begins a new clause; and is extending in E ungrammatically introduces a new predicate. In C, extended is nonparallel if it is assumed to be a past tense verb form; if it is assumed to be a past participle, it illogically states, as does D, that the filigree extended only in the past.
一路看了很多关于这题的讨论下来,对于题目的答案没有疑问。但是对于OG上的红色部分的解释存在些许疑惑
以前判断是用过去分词还是用现在分词最好的方式就是判断是主动还是被动,而这里OG的解释中加入了关于判断时态的元素,是说过去分词表示已经完成,而用现在分词表示还在进行的状态。
那么我想请问,如果我想表达的是主动的已经完成的动作,是用过去分词还是现在分词呢?还是根本就没有这样的状态存在呢?
实在是很困惑!忘指教!究竟是主动被动的判断重要,还是时态的判断重要呢?
分词作修饰的一个比较简单的判断的确是主动和被动
但是同样 现在分词的确表达了一种进行的状态。
如果要表达主动地已经完成的动作,我的理解是应该使用定语从句
事实上在GMAT的语法中有很多这方面的题目,如果楼主队这个比较模糊,可以去看看刘振民的那本语法,里面有比较详细地描述
一般认为:
及物动词 的past participle 表示被动。present participle表示主动。
不及物动词的 past participle 表示 完成。present participle表示进行。
extend既可以 做 vt也可以做 vi。这里OG把它看成VI了。
欢迎光临 国际顶尖MBA申请交流平台--TOPWAY MBA (http://forum.topway.org/) | Powered by Discuz! 7.2 |