GWD 24

01) More selective than most chemical pesticides in that they ordinarily destroy only unwanted species, biocontrol agents (such as insects, fungi, and viruses) eat, infect, or parasitize targeted plant or animal pests. However, biocontrol agents can negatively affect nontarget species by, for example, competing with them for resources: a biocontrol agent might reduce the benefits conferred by a desirable animal species by consuming a plant on which the animal prefers to lay its eggs.

(Line 14)Another example of indirect negative consequences occurred in England when a virus introduced to control rabbits reduced the amount of open ground (because large rabbit populations reduce the ground cover), in turn reducing underground ant nests and triggering the extinction of a blue butterfly that had depended on the nests to shelter its offspring. The paucity of known extinctions of disruptions resulting from indirect interactions may reflect not the infrequency of such mishaps but rather the failure to look for or to detect them: most organisms likely to be adversely affected by indirect interactions are of little or no known commercial value and the events linking a biocontrol agent with an adverse effect are often unclear. Moreover, determining the potential (35) risks of biocontrol agents before they are used is difficult, especially when a nonnative agent is introduced, because, unlike a chemical pesticide, a biocontrol agent may adapt in unpredictable ways, so that it can feed on or otherwise harm new hosts.

02)亚洲四小龙采用出口导向政策，带动了1970年代的经济成长(考了一题)，1978年出口额占全部开发中国家的7成(考了一题细节题)，故其它国家纷起效法，然而除了泰国及马来西亚外其它都失败(考了一题)，一个学者分析了这些国家不能成功的原因，然而国际货币基金及世界银行仍继续鼓吹此法(考了一题主旨题)

03)一篇关于给妇女休产假的政策，很多人认为1993的一个法案以前雇主就有这个政策是因为女权运动。作者认为1973年政府就颁布的政策，给残疾人假期的雇主也要给妇女产假。后来又讲了和高等法院的关系（没太读懂）

04) New :

about sand amd moving dunes, the firs part explain how the dune developed. The last part is the main part of the article it talk about why some dune can produce sound. It also mention 01)the dunes in the desert and in the seashore 02) moisture in the sand have effect on the dune’s sound.