Mel: The official salary for judges has always been too low to attract the best

Candidates to the job. The legislature’s move to raise the salary has

done nothing to improve the situation, because it was coupled with

a ban on receiving money for lectures and teaching engagements.

Pat:  No, the raise in salary really does improve the situation. Since very few

judges teach or give lectures, the ban will have little or no negative

effect.

Pat’s response to Mel is inadequate in that it

A.     attempts to assess how a certain change will affect potential members

of a group by providing evidence about its effect on the current members.

B.     mistakenly takes the cause of a certain change to be an effect of that change

C.     attempts to argue that a certain change will have a positive effect merely

by pointing to the absence of negative effects

D.     simply denies Mel’s claim without putting forward any evidence in support

of that denial

E.      assumes that changes that benefit the most able members of a group

necessarily benefit all members of that group.

参考答案是A，本人觉得C也并无不妥。

以前有过很多讨论，但还是没有定论，请教到底是A还是C？谢谢

SUPPORT A

I think C is point to a good aspect but the inadequate ones.It is a right way

to stand positive effect merely by pointing to the absence of negative effect

.There is nothing to blame.

In A,the mothod Pat used has it's flaw.In choice A ,it has been pointed out

very clear and at a right way.

但是我还是不清楚究竟a 指出什么逻辑谬～也就是a是什么意思？

给为能解释一下吗？

试图通过对一个变化对现在情况的影响来说明对未来情况的影响

就象AA里的七宗罪，过去怎样了不能代表未来的发展趋势；题目里就是现在very few

judges teach or give lectures不能说明以后

答案应该为A.

因为作者的问题是Pat的判断是的论据是不完整的，是因为什么？

A给出了完整的答案，那就是pat说法官中很少有教课的，所以禁止他们教课并不能对其他人选择法官这个职位有什么影响。

但是他的这个说法是不正确的，因为他说法官中很少有教课的这个说法是建立在现在已在职的法官基础上（Currentmembers），但是他忽略了那些可能选择法官这个职业的（potential members）的情况。

所以A是正确的，因为它正确的指出了PAT的论证中出现的缺陷。

希望可以帮到你。