增加了以下: 1．The following editorial appeared in the South Fork Gazette.
“Last year, the city contracted with Flower Power to plant a variety of flowers in big decorative pots on Main Street and to water them each week. By mid-summer, many of the plants were wilted. This year, the city should either contract for two waterings a week or save money by planting artificial flowers in the pots. According to Flower Power, the initial cost for artificial flowers would be twice as much as for real plants, but after two years, we would come out ahead. Public reaction certainly supports this position: in a recent survey, over 1,200 Gazette readers said that the city wastes money and should find ways to reduce public spending.”
２．A planning consultant to the Banbridge Riverfront Festival Committee submitted the following report.
“The Riverfront Festival drew 10,000 visitors-not bad for your first year. You could double that number, however, if you brought in the Jolly Pirate Ship. In St. Clyde, the highly successful Harbor Week Festival averaged 30,000 visitors per year over the last decade, but the average increased to a high point of 45,000 a couple of years ago, a year when the Jolly Pirate was at the Harbor Week Festival. One of the organizers reported that the ship was especially popular with school groups. Have the Jolly Pirate Ship sail into the Riverfront Festival next summer, and your attendance will greatly increase.”
３．The following appeared in a memorandum from the development director of the Largo Piano Company.
“The Largo Piano Company has long been known for producing carefully handcrafted, expensive pianos used by leading concert pianists. During the past few years, however, our revenues have declined, whereas those of the Allegro Musical Instrument Company increased after Allegro introduced a line of inexpensive digital pianos. In order to increase Largo’s sales and in fact outsell Allegro, we should introduce a line of digital pianos in a variety of price ranges. Our digital pianos would be likely to find instant acceptance with customers since they would be associated with the prestigious Largo name.”
４．The following appeared in a memorandum from the CEO of Volare Airlines.
“Even though our record last year of on-time takeoffs and arrivals was not as good as that of several other major airline companies, our total revenues were among the highest of any airline. Clearly, an on-time record is not the passengers’ first concern, and so we should not risk reducing our revenues by trying to improve our record. Instead, we should try to attract new passengers by announcing a program of incentives and discounts. Consider that Flugel Airlines saw ridership increase last year after it lowered fares on its most popular routes, whereas Aero Airlines lost customers even after its president appeared on television to apologize publicly for flight delays.”
５．The following appeared in a memorandum from the marketing department to the general manager of the Swiftville Gazette.
“Newspaper readership is on the rise once again, so the Swiftville Gazette can abandon its plans to replace the editor-in-chief and to launch a costly subscription drive. Newly released results of a national study show that the nation’s top five daily newspapers are enjoying increased circulation for the first time in years. Therefore, the Gazette can expect to become a profitable enterprise for the first time since the editor-in-chief was hired. Moreover, since people are once again interested in the news, we can streamline our operations by dropping some of our ‘extras,’ such as the gardening column, the real estate section, and the local sports news.”
６．The following appeared as part of a business plan created by the general manager of the Multon Electronic Company.
“In response to complaints from customers about the difficulty of installing and operating Multon’s products, Multon Electronic Company tried an experiment. The Customer Service Department has long suspected that customers are not reading the instructions that are included with every new purchase, and so it inserted a gift coupon at the end of every instruction manual.Because only 75 people returned the coupons in a three-month period last year, Multon Electronics has proved its point that customers are not reading the instructions. There is, therefore, only one sensible way to solve this problem: the Customer Service Department must provide every new customer with an instructional videotape.”
７．The following is a memorandum to the president of the EZ-Manufacturing Company from the manager of cafeteria services.
“Offering pizza in our cafeteria has proved extremely profitable. To further increase our profits from pizza sales, we should switch to PDQ Pizzeria to supply our pizza. PDQ pizza was twice voted the ‘best pizza’ in the neighboring town of Hamiltonia in an on-line survey of Hamiltonia Gazette readers. The PDQ branch in our town sells pizzas for only slightly more than our cafeteria currently does and offers free daily delivery. Switching to PDQ Pizza will clearly improve satisfaction with our cafeteria and hence increase the cafeteria’s profits.”
８．The following appeared in a memorandum from the marketing department of Reel magazine.
“In order to determine the cause of the recent decline in sales of our magazine, we sent a survey to customers who have cancelled their subscription during the last nine months. Results indicate that 80 percent of the 450 respondents feel that Reel contains too many ads. In order to retain current customers and win back customers who have cancelled their subscriptions, we should reduce the number of ads. This solution will not only improve customer satisfaction but also increase our revenue by boosting magazine sales.”
1．“Whether in politics or in business, leaders of any group need to understand that learning to compromise is ultimately more important than winning.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading..
无论是政界还是商界领导者,都需要明白,学会让步终究比赢得胜利重要
２．“Constant innovation and change within an organization are as likely to damage the organization as they are to improve it.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
组织中的不断的革新和变更,既有可能改进也有可能毁灭组织.
３．“Government should place stricter limits on the ability of businesses to invade citizens’ privacy through telemarketing, e-mail, advertising, collection of personal information on consumers, and so on, even if those limits affect businesses’ profitability and competitiveness.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
４．“Companies should recruit and reward employees more for their enthusiasm and willingness to contribute to the mission of the organization than for their knowledge and skills.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
企业应该跟更多地根据员工贡献在工作上的热情来招募和奖励员工,而不应根据他们的技术和能力
５．“Previous failure in some enterprise is essential if one is to become a successful leader.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
一个成功的领导者必须要吸取前人的教训
６．“The type of leadership that an organization needs (be it a college, a country, or a business, for example) depends largely on whether the organization is stable or in crisis.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
一个组织(例如:一个学校、一个国家、一个企业所需要的形式取决于这个组织是稳固还是处于危机
７．“Highly skilled employees who are ambitious, self-motivated, and self-sufficient are more likely to be harmful than beneficial in an organization based on teamwork.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
野心勃勃的，自利自满的高技术员工对于基于团队合作的组织来讲，弊大于利
８．“An explicit and enforced set of values is crucial to the success of any company or other type of organization.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
对任何公司和组织来讲，一个清楚而加强的价值集合是至关重要的
９．“An organization cannot make real progress unless all its members share a common set of values rather than make decisions that are guided by their own values and beliefs.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
当一个组织所有的成员有着共同的价值集合而不受自己利益和观念的驱使来做出决策时，才能获得真正的进步
1０．“In today’s rapidly and unpredictably changing world, attempting to learn from the past is no longer the wisest strategy.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading..
在今天这样一个高速而又难以预测地变化的世界，从过去吸取经验教训不再是一个明智的策略
1１．“The most important quality for a leader of an organization to have is not the ability to plan, to organize, and to solve problems but rather the ability to communicate the organization’s mission and to inspire people to work toward fulfilling that mission.”
Discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the opinion stated above. Support your position with reasons and/or examples from your experience, observations, or reading.
一个组织的领导者最重要的品质不是计划组织和解决问题的能力，而是能够鼓舞员工共同完成组织目标
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