For many years, historians thought

that the development of capitalism had not

faced serious challenges in the United

Line States. Writing in the early twentieth cen-

(5) tury, Progressive historians sympathized

with the battles waged by farmers and

small producers against large capitalists

in the late nineteenth century, but they did

not question the widespread acceptance

(10) of laissez-faire (unregulated) capitalism

throughout American history. Similarly,

Louis Hartz, who sometimes disagreed

with the Progressives, argued that Americans

accepted laissez-faire capitalism

(15) without challenge because they lacked

a feudal, precapitalist past. Recently,

however, some scholars have argued

that even though laissez-faire became

the prevailing ethos in nineteen-century

(20) America, it was not accepted without

struggle. Laissez-faire capitalism, they

suggest, clashed with existing religious

and communitarian norms that imposed

moral constraints on acquisitiveness to

(25) protect the weak from the predatory, the

strong from corruption, and the entire culture

from materialist excess. Buttressed

by mercantilist notions that government

should be both regulator and promoter

(30) of economic activity, these norms persisted

long after the American Revolution

helped unleash the economic forces that

produced capitalism. These scholars

argue that even in the late nineteenth

(35) century, with the government’s role in

the economy considerably diminished,

laissez-faire had not triumphed completely.

Hard times continued to revive

popular demands for regulating busi-

(40) ness and softening the harsh edges of

laissez-faire capitalism.

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Q35:

The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. reveal the underlying similarities of certain arguments regarding the development of capitalism in the United States

B. synthesize two competing arguments regarding the development of capitalism in the United States

C. defend an established argument regarding the development of capitalism in the United States

D. summarize a scholarly refutation of an argument regarding the development of capitalism in the United States

E. discuss a new methodology for the study of the development of capitalism in the United States

Answer

这是天山九－35，第３５回没有看到讨论汇总里有相关的前人讨论,

这题35题我第一次测时,只抓前面三个大字所以快速选了D选,

觉得本文的确在summarize一些scholars的论点,…………,但是

当我再仔细回读之后发现我在B和D选之间陷入二难的局面….

很难再把B选剔除……….原因如下:

1.Summarize 与synthesize语意上相通

2.two competing argument也有,就是指historians的论点与scholars的论点不太一样

而正确答案D表示summarize有关在美国资本主义发展的论证的一个refutation,感觉上也对!!!!

的确是在对这个放任的自由主义广被接受提出refutate…….

天啊!!!!!!!!哪位好心的大大能帮忙解答????

这个35题选D没错。

不过，36题答案是E，我当初看了很久，想选的，不过觉得很晦涩，搞不明白就放弃了，选了B，请牛牛帮助看一下啊

T-9-Q36

According to the passage, the Progressive historians mentioned in line 5 and the scholars mentioned in line 17 disagree with regard to which of the following?

1. Whether laissez-faire became the predominant ethos in the nineteenth-century United States

2. Whether moral restraints on acquisitiveness were necessary in the nineteen-century United States

3. The economic utility of mercantilist notions of government

4. The nature of the historical conditions necessary for the development of laissez-faire capitalism in the nineteen-century United States

5. The existence of significant opposition to the development of laissez-faire capitalism in the nineteen-century United States