标题: [求助]几道逻辑考古真题请教? [打印本页]
作者: mary1 时间: 2004-3-27 22:19 标题: [求助]几道逻辑考古真题请教?
就是不了解?! 拜托请解释!
GMAT OLD QUESTIONS HANDOUT
1. To many environmentalists, the extinction of plants---accompanied by the increasing genetic uniformity of species of food crops---is the single most serious environmental problem. Something must be done to prevent the loss of wild food plants or no-longer-cultivated food plants. Otherwise, the lack of genetic diversity could allow a significant portion of a major crop to be destroyed overnight. In 1970, for example, southern leaf blight destroyed approximately 20 percent of the US corn crop, leaving very few varieties of corn unaffected in the areas over which the disease had spread.
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage above?
(A)Susceptibility to certain plant disease is genetically determined.
(B)80 percent of the corn grown in the US is resistant to southern leaf blight.
(C)The extinction of wild food plants can in almost every case be traced to destructive plant diseases.
(D)Plant breeders focus on developing plants that are resistant to plant diseases.
(E)Corn is the only food crop threatened by southern leaf blight.
A):A [P.8 Q3]
2. Many pregnant women suffer from vitamin deficiency, but this is frequently not due to vitamin deficiency in their diets; most often it is because they have higher requirements for vitamins than do the rest of the population.
The best criticism of the reasoning in the statement above is that it
(A)fails to specify the percentage of pregnant women who suffer from vitamin deficiency.
(B)gives insufficient information about why pregnant women have higher vitamin requirements than do other groups.
(C)fails to employ the same reference group for both uses of the term “vitamin deficiency”
(D)provides insufficient information about the incidence of vitamin deficiency in other groups with high vitamin requirements.
(E)uses “higher requirements” in an ambiguous manner.
A):C [P.9, Q4]
3. In any negotiation between a party with limited aims and an opposing party with unlimited aims, the party with limited aims is bound to lose. This is so because the scope of a negotiating party’s aims determines the energy and the perseverance that will be brought to the negotiations by that party.
Which of the following is an assumption implicit in the passage above?
(A)The intensity with which parties conduct negotiations affects the outcome of those negotiations.
(B)Negotiations almost always pit against one another parties whose aims differ in scope.
(C)The outcome of negotiations cannot be correctly predicted in advance.
(D)A negotiator who has exceptionally high aims needs exceptional perseverance in order to avoid losing.
(E)Negotiating parties are typically not aware of the scope of each other’s aims until the outcome is no longer in doubt.
A):A [P.10, Q7]
4. A placebo is a chemically inert substance prescribed more for the mental relief of a patient than for its effect on the patient’s physical disorder. It is prescribed in the hope of instilling in the patient a positive attitude toward prospects for his or her recovery. In some cases, the placebo actually produces improvement in the patient’s condition. In discussing the use and effect of placebos, a well-known medical researcher recently paid physicians the somewhat offbeat compliment of saying that physicians were the ultimate placebo.
By comparing a physician to a placebo, the researcher sought to imply that
(A)physician should always maintain and communicate an optimistic attitude toward their patients, regardless of the prognosis.
(B)the health of some patients can improve simply from their knowledge that they are under a physician’s care.
(C)many patients actually suffer from imagined illnesses that are best treated by placebos.
(D)physicians could prescribe less medication and achieve the same effect
(E)it is difficult to determine what, if any, effect a physician’s behavior has on a patient’s condition
A):B [P.11 Q13]
作者: dhhgh11 时间: 2004-3-27 22:21
1.B,c,d,e are all irrelevent to the topics or can not deduced from the content.the author pointed that "otherwise,the lack of diversity of genetic.......",so A is the correct answer.
2.the first "vitamin deficiency" refers to a kind of deficiency to a special group-the pregnant women,but the second refers that to common people.
3.you can use the way " if ...not ,then weaken...".as in the problem,if the intensify of the negotiation does not the outcome ,then the conclusion " the party with unlimited aims will succed "is wrong.
4.the function of the placebo is to instill the patients a positive attitude towards their prospects.the author said the function of the phisician is the same as the placebo ,so B is the correct answer,A is a very easily confused select,but what is said in A can not conluded from the pragraph.
suggestions:my friends,maybe you think the criticl reasoning is very difficult,but it is acctually not .Trying to understand the correct answer by frequently contrast and excluding and reading the problems you do wrong often are very good means for you to improve your mind in resolving the problem. Even if you can't get the correct answer when you tqke your test,do not hesitate to accept your first feeling.
good luck.ffice
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