特总结了一些逻辑方面的词汇,希望对新来的XDJM门有所帮助哦

一、逻辑论证的要素和过程

前提 premise, presupposition, precondition      假设 assumption, hypothesis, suppose   assume  presuppose (特指对于前提的假设); additional premise; not true unless;

depend on; rely on     原因 reason, cause

举例 cite, illustrate, give an example              类比 reason by analogy, analogize          比较 compare        解释 explain, interpret, commentate, decipher, make clear,

分析 analyze        主张 protest, claim, allegation, in one's opinion, in one's point of view,               同意 agree with, for, welcome, consent, approve, accede          

             不同意 disagree, be against, oppose          支持 support, strengthen, in support of               削弱 weaken, jeopardize, cast doubt on   argue against;

damage; counter; challenge; flaw; refute;   criticism; undermine; drawback; reasoning error; weakness. （其中flaw，criticism，reasoning error 和weakness属于

名词性的削弱）。                         

评论 evaluate, appraisal, comment on, critique          反驳 refute, disprove, rebut, contradict, combat          谴责 critisize, condemn,         辩护 defend

暗示指出 indicate, suggest, imply, hint

归纳总结 conclude, induce, sum up, summarize                推断 reasoning, deduce                  预测 prediction, forecast,                 结果 result, aftermath, outcome, ending

证明 demonstrate, substantiate

二、逻辑论证的种类：

1、好的合乎逻辑的 logical, free from logical flaws, sound, valid,     适当的 appropriate, applicable       有说服力的 compelling, convincing, forceful

2、不好的 defective biased unreliable unconvincing weak argument suffer from flaws unfounded highly doubtful less than valid present insurmountable obstacles

thanks  a  lot !!!!!!!!!!!!