Q19:

Plankton generally thrive in areas of the ocean with sufficient concentrations of certain nitrogen compounds near the surface, where plankton live.  Nevertheless, some areas, though rich in these nitrogen compounds, have few plankton.  These areas have particularly low concentrations of iron, and oceanographers hypothesize that this shortage of iron prevents plankton from thriving.  However, an experimental release of iron compounds into one such area failed to produce a thriving plankton population, even though local iron concentrations increased immediately.

Which of the following, if true, argues most strongly against concluding, on the basis of the information above, that the oceanographers’ hypothesis is false?

1. Not all of the nitrogen compounds that are sometimes found in relatively high concentrations in the oceans are nutrients for plankton.
2. Certain areas of the ocean support an abundance of plankton despite having particularly low concentrations of iron.
3. The release of the iron compounds did not increase the supply of nitrogen compounds in the area.
4. A few days after the iron compounds were released, ocean currents displaced the iron-rich water from the surface.
5. The iron compounds released into the area occur naturally in areas of the ocean where plankton thrive.

题目问哪个反对了海洋学家的推测是错误的结论,也就是说选支持他的观点是对的选项了.

搞不明白,给出的答案是d,怎么正确了.

我选了e

A certain cultivated herb is one of a group of closely related plants that thrive in soil with high concentrations of metals that are toxic to most other plants.  Agronomists studying the herb have discovered that it produces large amounts of histidine, an amino acid that, in test-tube solutions, renders these metals chemically inert.  Possibly, therefore, the herb’s high histidine production is what allows it to grow in metal-rich soils, a hypothesis that would gain support if ______.

1. histidine is found in all parts of the plant—roots, stem, leaves, and flowers
2. the herb’s high level of histidine production is found to be associated with an unusually low level of production of other amino acids
3. others of the closely related group of plants are also found to produce histidine in large quantities
4. cultivation of the herb in soil with high concentrations of the metals will, over an extended period, make the soil suitable for plants to which the metals are toxic
5. the concentration of histidine in the growing herb declines as the plant approaches maturity

晕...给出的答案是e,我认为这个选项不相关,我选了d

请大家指教

Q19:

题目要求找一个选项能做以下的事情：反对【科学家的猜测是错的】，也就是说找个选项，科学家的猜测可能没错，也许有什么其他的原因使得，现象和他们的猜测不对应。

现象是，加了iron的，P 没有长。但是科学家认为iron多应该是P应该长啊。

我们要做的是找个选项说，其实是应该长的，后来因为某某原因，P没有长，这不是科学家的错。

D：iron放下去，一会儿就转移了，所以iron就没了，P就不长了。正确

E：P多的地方，iron释放的多。但是这个事实不能解释为什么试验现象是不同的，反而有矛盾之处，因为科学家说，iron的短缺造成了P不长。现在E多，P多，iron多，支持了科学加的猜测，但是没有解释试验的不同结果，即没有解决矛盾.

Q28:

得这道题讨论过， 我也给过解释。 答案还是比较明显，争议不大，应该是C

改题实质上是支持题。

原文给的信息是

1.某类相关性很大的植物能生长于有毒金属土壤中

2.其中一种能产生大量H, 该酸能是有毒金属失去活性

结论: 该H酸导致该植物能生长于有毒金属土壤中(因果关系结论)

C.类似植物能生长于有毒土壤中(有果), 它们一样产生H酸(有因)

ABE无关. D只能支持原文给的信息2. 这里要强调的一点是D因为没有给额外的信息, 没有使前提对结论的说服性增强, 前提和结论的相关性增强,所以不是答案.看我写的一篇在置定铁里关于什么才算加强和削弱的文章.

19题解释得非常清楚,谢谢oldersea

28题还是存在着迷惑:答案c中说另一些相近植物..也就是指那些不能在有毒金属存活的植物,也产生h酸..这不就削弱了原文么..

关键是这里的others of the closely related plants指是什么,我理解的是一组植物中除了文中讲到的能存活之外的那些...文中第一句话

讲得比较清楚.

d选项...我个人认为除了支持d选项之外,还有个rule out的效果,表示克制植物在有毒金属环境不能生长的因素只有金属一个因素,无它因...

大家再讨论一下28题吧!!