GMAT语法每日一题,我会每天跟帖更新一题哦!(2月28日更新)

该文章已被推荐到首页18已有 4185 次阅读  2013-01-15 15:18   标签his  letters  powers  color 
(1月15日更新)
1. Byron possessed powers of observation that would have made him a great anthropologist and that makes his letters as a group the rival of the best novels of the time.
A. makes his letters as a group the rival of
B. makes his letters as a group one to rival
C. makes his letters a group rivaling
D. make his letters as a group the rival of
E. make his letters a group which is the rival of
考察agreement和make的固定搭配
首先根据句子分析发现是双定语: powers of observation that …and that …
这里的that是修饰 powers of observation,根据核心词原则,(A of B that ,that 修饰A),发现这里的that 修饰powers所以用复数形式make而不是makes,排除选项ABC
其次关于make的固定搭配是:make sth sth,所以选择D,选项中的as a group作为letters的后置定语,修饰前面的Letters.
E不选是因为wordy(which is )
 
(1月16日更新)
2、 Noting that the Federal Reserve had raised a key short-term interest rate again last month, analysts said that they expected orders for durable goods to decline soon because rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit.
A. rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit
B. rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive
C. a rise in interest rates make it more expensive to buy on credit
D. a rise in interest rates make buying on credit more expensive
E. a rise in interest rates makes it more expensive for them to be bought on credit
考察主谓一致和make的固定搭配
首先AB可以进行竖读排选:主语是rates复数,所以谓语动词应该是make而不是makes(这里的rising是形容词,不是动名词做主语,因为rise是不及物动词,后面不能直接加宾语)
CDE的主语是rise所以应该是makes,所以CD错
关于B和E,可以通过简洁性原则进行排选。
E中的for them, to be bought都很wordy,所以选择B
补充:
这里不是make doing的错误用法,而是make sth. Adj.的用法,只不过sth.由buying on credit这个短语充当了。
 
 
(1月17日更新)
3. According to two teams of paleontologists, recent fossil discoveries in Pakistan show that whales, porpoises, and dolphins are more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today includes cows, camels, pigs, and hippos--than to any other mammals.
A. that whales, porpoises, and dolphins are more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today includes cows, camels, pigs, and hippos—than
B. that whales, porpoises, and dolphins are more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today include cows, camels, pigs, and hippos—as
C. whales, porpoises, and dolphins to be more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today include cows, camels, pigs, and hippos—than they are
D. whales, porpoises, and dolphins as being more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today includes cows, camels, pigs, and hippos—as they are
E. whales, porpoises, and dolphins as more closely related to some of the oldest known even-toed ungulates--a group of hoofed mammals that today include cows, camels, pigs, and hippos—than
考察句子结构和主谓一致
首先:宾语从句后的that不能省略,所以这里的宾语从句show…后面的that是不能省略的。所以CDE不对
其次考察主谓一致中的核心词原则,A of B that,所以这里的that修饰 a group所以是单数includes而不是include.
同时,表示比较的时候用than(more closely related…than…)而不用as,所以选择A
 
 
(1月18日更新)
4. Noting that the Federal Reserve had raised a key short-term interest rate again last month, analysts said that they expected orders for durable goods to decline soon because rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit.
A. rising interest rates makes it more expensive to buy them on credit
B. rising interest rates make buying on credit more expensive
C. a rise in interest rates make it more expensive to buy on credit
D. a rise in interest rates make buying on credit more expensive
E. a rise in interest rates makes it more expensive for them to be bought on credit
考察主谓一致和make的固定搭配
首先AB可以进行竖读排选:主语是rates复数,所以谓语动词应该是make而不是makes(这里的rising是形容词,不是动名词做主语,因为rise是不及物动词,后面不能直接加宾语)
CDE的主语是rise所以应该是makes,所以CD错
关于B和E,可以通过简洁性原则进行排选。
E中的for them, to be bought都很wordy,所以选择B
补充:
这里不是make doing的错误用法,而是make sth. Adj.的用法,只不过sth.由buying on credit这个短语充当了。
 
(1月21日更新)
5、The rise in the Commerce Department’s index of leading economic indicators suggest that the economy should continue its expansion into the coming months, but that the mixed performance of the index’s individual components indicates that economic growth will proceed at a more moderate pace than in the first quarter of this year.

(A) suggest that the economy should continue its expansion into the coming months, but that
(B) suggest that the economy is to continue expansion in the coming months but
(C) suggests that the economy will continue its expanding in the coming months, but that
(D) suggests that the economy is continuing to expand into the coming months, but that
(E) suggests that the economy will continue to expand in the coming months, but
考察主谓一致,平行结构
首先,句子的主语是rise单数,所以谓语动词用单数suggests,排除选项AB
其次,根据竖读发现suggest后面的宾语从句的时态不一致,CE是将来时,D是一般时。
(其实在GMAT里面考察时态,考的比较少,一般来说,有明确的时间标志,会考察时态;另外一种就是本题考察的,平行结构中时态一致的考点)indicate后面的宾语从句是将来时,所以为了保持时态一致性,也应该是将来时。所以保留CE。
最后,CE中but后面不一样,一个有that,一个没有,根据句子结构,这里是一个表示转折的并列句,所以不需要that,选择E
(PS:如果看不出是句子结构的平行,也可以通过优选原则来排选,动词优先于动名词,所以expand要比expanding,而且C中有代词是风险)
 
 
(1月22日更新)
7、Recent essays by Garrison Keillor, the humorist and host of the public radio show A Prairie Home Companion, describes what might happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths were to invade Chicago.

(A) describes what might happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths were to invade
(B) describes what would happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths invaded
(C) describes what would happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths would have invaded
(D) describe what might happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths were to invade
(E) describe what happen if Huns, Goths, and Visigoths invade
考察主谓一致和虚拟语气
首先,分析句子结构是:S,插入语,VO,可以发现主语是essays复数,所以排除ABC
其次,DE的区别在于D是虚拟,E不是虚拟,根据语义,是说essays描述的是:如果H,G and V invade Chicago会发生什么,是一种假象的,所以是虚拟。选择D
(PS:原句的语气,一般都不会改变的。也就是原句是虚拟语气,正确选项的特征也是虚拟语气)
 
(1月23日更新)
8、With a new park, stadium, and entertainment complex along the Delaware River, Trenton, New Jersey, is but one of a large number of communities that is looking to use its waterfront as a way for it to improve the quality of urban life and attract new businesses.

(A) is looking to use its waterfront as a way for it to improve the quality of urban life and attract
(B) is looking at using its waterfront to improve the quality of urban life and attract
(C) are looking to use their waterfronts to improve the quality of urban life and attract
(D) are looking to use its waterfront as a way of improving the quality of urban life and attracting
(E) are looking at using their waterfronts as a way of improving the quality of urban life and attract
考察主谓一致,代词
首先,考察复杂句中的主谓一致:one of 复数名词+that(后面用复数,比如this is one of rooms that were damaged in the fire.是突出所属的整个范围,而不是个体)所以把单数的AB排除
其次,E不对,这里的look to表示依靠,依赖,look at 改变了原意
最后CD比较,代词不一样,这里的指代很明显是指代communities,所以用their。选择C
(PS:D中as a way多余了,而且动名词improving和attracting不如动词好。)
 
(1月24日更新)

9、Water and resource management problems will be at the head of the legislature’s list of concerns for the coming session.

(A) Water and resource management problems
(B) Problems of managing water and resources
(C) Problems in the management of water and other resources
(D) Problems of water and other resource management
(E) Resource management problems, including water
考察and 的平行问题
首先,名词修饰名词的并列,经常引起歧义,比如A,可以使water和resource平行,也可以是water和resource management的平行,也可以是water和resource management problems的平行,所以ABD都会引起歧义。
其次,and 前后的平行要保持概念对等原则,也就是a and b, a和b是平行关系,不是包含关系,比如water and resource是不对的,因为水是资源的一部分。
最后,E中句子结构不对:S,ing...will be而且including是修饰problems,问题怎么包括水呢。
所以选择C
 
(2月17日更新)
10、The guiding principles of the tax plan released by the Treasury Department could have even a greater significance for the economy than the particulars of the plan.

(A) even a greater significance for the economy than
(B) a significance that is even greater for the economy than
(C) even greater significance for the economy than have
(D) even greater significance for the economy than do
(E) a significance even greater for the economy than have
考察比较
GMAT语法关于than的考点一般会考3种:1.than后面没助动词;2.than后面出现do;3.than后面出现have.
这个时候你要考虑是谁和谁的比较,如果是不同的对象同样一件事的比较,那肯定是第2和第3种情况。2,3的区别在于前面的时态,如果前面是一般时态那用do,如果前面是完成时态,那用have。
所以根据题意,这里是事情和事情的比较(对于拥有重要意义的比较)所以选择D
 
 
(2月20日更新)
11. The proposed urban development zones do not represent a new principle; it was employed in “Operation Bootstrap” in Puerto Rico.
 
(A) do not represent a new principle; it
(B) represent not a new principle, but one that
(C) are not a new principle; the same one
(D) are not a new principle, but one that
(E) are not new in principle; it
考察逻辑意义上的主谓一致,和平行
首先是be 动词和represent的选择,很显然是说这个zone代表了。。。而不是说"是。。。”所以排除CDE
其次考察平行结构,是not...but的平行,所以选择B
PS:not a new principle, but one that,这里的One指代前面的principle.
 
(2月22日更新)
12.The guiding principles of the tax plan released by the Treasury Department could have even a greater significance for the economy than the particulars of the plan.
 
(A) even a greater significance for the economy than
(B) a significance that is even greater for the economy than
(C) even greater significance for the economy than have
(D) even greater significance for the economy than do
(E) a significance even greater for the economy than have
考察比较
GMAT语法关于than的考点一般会考3种:1.than后面没助动词;2.than后面出现do;3.than后面出现have.
这个时候你要考虑是谁和谁的比较,如果是不同的对象同样一件事的比较,那肯定是第2和第3种情况。2,3的区别在于前面的时态,如果前面是一般时态那用do,如果前面是完成时态,那用have。
所以根据题意,这里是事情和事情的比较(对于拥有重要意义的比较)所以选择D

(2月25日更新)
13.Like John McPhee’s works, Ann Beattie painstakingly assembles in her works an interesting and complete world out of hundreds of tiny details about a seemingly uninteresting subject.

(A) Like John McPhee’s works, Ann Beattie painstakingly assembles in her works
(B) Like John McPhee, Ann Beattie’s works painstakingly assemble
(C) Like John McPhee, Ann Beattie painstakingly assembles in her works
(D) Just as John McPhee’s, so Ann Beattie’s works painstakingly assemble
(E) Just as John McPhee, Ann Beattie painstakingly assembles in her works
考察比较
Like 是比较考点的标志词,比较的考点最高原则是可比性
A是works和人比较
B是人和works比较
C是人和人的比较(保留)
其次是As的用法,as后面加名词,是介词表示作为,所以选择C
PS:在很多题目里面,选项as+noun.的这种结构一般都不对

(2月26日更新)
14.It is not likely that the competitive imbalance that now exists between Japan with all major industrial nations will be redressed during the foreseeable future.
 
(A) with all major industrial nations will be redressed during
(B) with all other major industrial nations will be redressed within
(C) with all other major industrial nations will be redressed during
(D) and all major industrial nations will be redressed during
(E) and all other major industrial nations will be redressed within
考察固定搭配还有and的用法
首先between的固定搭配是between...and..所以排除ABC
其次and前后是等同的两个对象,两者地位一样,不是包含关系,所以选择E
 
(2月27日更新)
15.Although fruit can no longer grow once it is picked, it continues for some time to respire, taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide, similar to the way human beings breathe.
 
(A) similar to the way human beings breathe
(B) similarly to human beings who are breathing
(C) just like the breathing of human beings
(D) as human beings when breathing
(E) just as human beings do when they breathe
考察比较
首先句子后面的similar to/like ...这些结构,都不能修饰句子的,只能就近修饰。但是根据逻辑语义,划线部分是修饰整句话,即跟前面的事情进行比较,所以ABC都不对。
其次D中as用法错了
所以选择E
PS:句子后面是similar to /like短语,一般都不对
 
 
(2月28日更新)
16、The CEO has proposed a new policy requiring that employees should retain all pensions indefinitely or be allowed to cash them in at retirement.
A.that employees should retain all pensions
B.that all pensions be retained by employees
C.the retaining by employees of all pensions
D.employee's retention of all pensions
E.employees to retain all pensions
考察require的用法
Require that后面是省略should的虚拟语气;require to do; require sth to do
A中要省略should
CD中require用法错了,B用了被动没有E表达简单,所以选择E
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