og 85－86 ，95

iamf

85－86讲的是H认为给公众开放的沙滩比私人的沙滩在使用时被人更不小心。

在86的答案说：If one user of common land overuses it even slightly, the other users are likely to do so even more, with the consequence that the costs to each user outweigh the benefits.

上面这句话怎么翻译？我觉得我理解不了可能是我对答案的理解有问题。

95。就是说贸易壁垒的题。
答案认为从文章中可以推断得到：在其他产业中出口得到的边际利润不足以抵消成本的上升。
但是我看了半天也没有看到类似的观点。文中最相近的观点是其他产业，那些依赖于出口的产业，成本上升，从而限制了他们和他们说出口的市场同行的竞争能力。

该作什么解释？

[此贴子已经被作者于2002-11-24 0:39:32编辑过]

dadaoets

有没有完整的题目。我的OG被别人借走了。

lucylu

OG86：主要讲的是公众沙滩存在的公众效应的问题。毕竟大家都有从众心理吗。
OG95：能否告知完整题目啊？

iamf

To protect certain fledgling industries,the government of country Z banned imports of the types lf products those industries were starting to make.As a direct result,the cost of those products to the buyers,several export-dependent industries in Z,went up,sharply limiting the ability of those industries to compete effectively in their export markets.
95.   Which of the following conclusions about country Z's adversely affected export-dependent industries is best supported by the passage?
A.Profit margins in those industries were not high enough to absorb the rise in costs mentioned above.
B.Those industries had to contend with the fact that other countries banned imports from country Z.
C.those industries succeeded in expanding the domestic market for their products.
D.Steps to offset rising materials costs by decreasing labor were taken in those industries.
E.those industries started to move into export markets that they had previously judged unprofitable.

   Hardin argued that grazing land held in common(that is,open to any user)would always be used less carefully than private grazing land.Each rancher would be tempted to overuse common land because the benefits would accrue to the individual,while the costs of reduced land quality that results from overuse would be spread among all users.But a study comparing 217 million acres of common grazing land with 433 million acres of private grazing land showed that the common land was in better condition.

86.Which of the following , if true and known by the ranchers, would best help explain the results of the study?
A.with private grazing land, both the costs and the benefits of overuse fall to the individual user.
B. The cost in reduced land quality that is attributable to any individual user is less easily measured with common land than it is with private land.
C. An individual who overuses common grazing land might be albe to achieve higher returns than other users can, with the result that he or she would obtain a competitive advantage.
D. If one user of common land overuses it even slightly, the other users are likely to do so even more, with the consequence that the costs to each user outweigh the benefits.
E. There are more acres of grazing land held privately than there are held in common.

lucylu

OG95：
原文中提到这些依赖出口的企业成本上升，所以严重影响企业在同行业的的竞争。由此可推断企业的边际利润不足以弥补企业的成本升高，因为只有在这种情况下，原文的成本升高的原因才会导致结果：影响竞争。

investdaily

OG 86 argue that each rancher would be tempted to overuse common grazing land because "benefits > cost" which spread among all users.
When "benefits < cost", oversue would not happen in common grazing land.