天山9-32

fernandochan

Q32:
Ecologist: The Scottish Highlands were once the site of extensive forests, but these
forests have mostly disappeared and been replaced by peat bogs. The common view is
that the Highlands’ deforestation was caused by human activity, especially agriculture.
However, agriculture began in the Highlands less than 2,000 years ago. Peat bogs,
which consist of compressed decayed vegetable matter, build up by only about one foot
per 1,000 years and, throughout the Highlands, remains of trees in peat bogs are
almost all at depths great than four feet. Since climate changes that occurred between
7,000 and 4,000 years ago favored the development of peat bogs rather than the survival
of forests, the deforestation was more likely the result of natural processes than of human
activity.

In the ecologist’s argument the two portions in boldface play which of the following
roles?

A. The first is evidence that has been used in support of a position that the ecologist
rejects; the second is a finding that the ecologist uses to counter that evidence.
B. The first is evidence that, in light of the evidence provided in the second, serves
as grounds for the ecologist’s rejection of a certain position.
C. The first is a position that the ecologist rejects; the second is evidence that has
been used in support of that position.

D. The first is a position that the ecologist rejects; the second provides evidence in
support of that rejection.
E. The first is a position for which the ecologist argues; the second provides
evidence to support that position.

正确选b, 我选的是d, 请问为什莫选b. 另外请问nn,我逻辑方面在句子作用这一项错误率很高，有没有能够提高的方法？

elites

苏格兰高地过去树木繁茂，但是现在大多数树木已消失（现象一）并且取而代之的是泥沼泽（现象二）。普遍认为这是由于人类活动如农业的发展导致的（大众观点一）。然而农业起源于2000以前（反对观点一的论据）。泥沼泽仅仅每一千年产生1英尺深并且，整个高地，在泥沼泽中所残留的树木几乎超过4英尺深。（暗示泥沼泽的形成早在4000年前，进一步通过时间阐明早在农业活动前沼泽已逐步形成）（已此论据为基础，进一步通过事实反对观点一）
气候的变化发生在7000至4000年以前，它更有利于促进泥沼泽的形成而非树木生存（支持新观点的论据），
所以树木减少更主要的原因是自然现象而非人类活动。（反对大众观点一，阐述观点二）

我的逻辑和英文都不太好，所以用最笨办法，就是分析每句话的作用及关系。因为刚开始复习，还不知道这个办法灵不灵。

对于这到题我觉得只要先抓住作者的否定观点，再确认两句黑体都是evidence，就可以在文章中找到正确答案。希望对你有用

pipa66

A. The first is evidence that has been used in support of a position that the ecologist
rejects; the second is a finding that the ecologist uses to counter that evidence.
B. The first is evidence that, in light of the evidence provided in the second, serves
as grounds for the ecologist’s rejection of a certain position.
C. The first is a position that the ecologist rejects; the second is evidence that has
been used in support of that position.

D. The first is a position that the ecologist rejects; the second provides evidence in
support of that rejection.
E. The first is a position for which the ecologist argues; the second provides
evidence to support that position.

CDE看到position就知道错误了，position一般是指一个观点（论点），而非论据evidence

A的第一句话也错了，是说第一句是一个论据用来支持一个观点，这个观点是作者反对的观点。正确的应该是作者支持的观点

B的意思实说第一个黑体是一个论据，（鉴于第二个黑体提供的论据），用来解释作者对某一个观点的反对理由。