GWD-9-Q37，请教背后的逻辑关系

viennawong

GWD-9-Q37:

Researchers took a group of teenagers who had never smoked and for one year tracked whether they took up smoking and how their mental health changed. Those who began smoking within a month of the study’s start were four times as likely to be depressed at the study’s end than those who did not begin smoking. Since nicotine in cigarettes changes brain chemistry, perhaps thereby affecting mood, it is likely that smoking contributes to depression in teenagers.


Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?



A.
Participants who were depressed at the study’s start were no more likely to be smokers at the study’s end than those who were not depressed.

B.
Participants who began smoking within a month of the study’s start were no more likely than those who began midway through to have quit smoking by the study’s end.

C.
Few, if any, of the participants in the study were friends or relatives of other participants.

D.
Some participants entered and emerged from a period of depression within the year of the study.

E.
The researchers did not track use of alcohol by the teenagers.

答案A，虽然BCDE都明显不对，但还是想请教大家，A答案背后的逻辑是什么？

Stefaniezhu

A是告知 學期前 沮喪的學生跟不會沮喪的學生學會抽菸的機會是一樣多

的 就是說 他們的比較基礎是相當的 於是支持了 題目中 尼古丁造成的沮喪

個人愚見 請指教

viennawong

有道理，谢谢指点！

LuckyStars

如果如上所述，学期前就有学生沮丧，就不能证明是由于尼古丁影响了情绪，而是学生本身就有沮丧的情绪了。。。

这个怎么解释呢？

Steven0124

应该是考因果倒置 要排除因为DEPRESS所以抽烟对原文的削弱可能

glaxosmith

典型的因果颠倒题~~~先有尼古丁还是先有抑郁的问题~~~

sealg

因果倒置是用于削弱题的，此题是加强提，楼上这样解释不对啊

tinyhuhus

排除了因果倒置...
A. 忧郁者和不忧郁者有同样的概率吸烟,排除了忧郁是吸烟的原因

liulu007

因果倒置是weaken题 但是这题排除了因果倒置的可能 所以就变成了support题

catherineN

这道题可以考加强，也可以考削弱哦

关键问题就是：到底是吸烟导致了抑郁(加强)，还是抑郁导致了吸烟（削弱）。

A 在同一时间段里，抑郁的人和不抑郁的人抽烟几率相当。

如果削弱，可以把A选项改为：
Participants who were depressed at the study’s start were more likely to be smokers at the study’s start than those who were not depressed.