求教 OG12-SC-8

quasimodov

8. The widely accepted big bang theory holds that the
universe began in an explosive instant ten to twenty
billion years ago and has been expanding ever since.
(A) that the universe began in an explosive instant
ten to twenty billion years ago and has been
expanding
(B) that the universe had begun in an explosive
instant ten to twenty billion years ago and had
been expanding
(C) that the beginning of the universe was an
explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago
that has expanded
(D) the beginning of the universe to have been an
explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago
that is expanding
(E) the universe to have begun in an explosive
instant ten to twenty billion years ago and has
been expanding

请问D选项中第一个"to"是什么用法呢？是hold...to...的用法吗？为何OG中的解释说这里that是指代begninning,而在选项C中是指代instant呢？
求大侠指教，不胜感激！

gdboy8888

首先判断这是个宾语从句 所以必须是holds that
DE就out了 都不用考虑了
D选项的to是错误用法
C选项因为that前面没有and 所以不能成为holds的宾语从句先行词

因此就变成了instant的定语从句先行词了

quasimodov

谢谢解答！
不过还是没有特别明白如何判断本题中that指代的是instant还是beginning，麻烦再稍微详细讲解一下好吗？

applemay

“the beginning of the universe was an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago“
是主系表结构，所以后面的that定语从句，既修饰主语beginning，又修饰表语instant

mop000

这个解释很棒！