GWD-23-Q25 （GWD-TN-15 Q25）
A pressing need in the study of organizations is for more research into how an organization’s values (an organization’s guiding principles and beliefs as perceived by its members) affect managerial decision-making. Traditional theories have been based on a !!!!!! “rational model,” !!!!!!! which focuses on the decision-maker and either ignores the organizational value climate or conveniently assumes that the organization’s values are consistent or clearly prioritized. In reality, however, decisions are shaped not only by a manager’s own values, but also by those of the corporate culture and of organizational superiors. A recent study found that managers’ most stressful decisions involved “value contention” (conflicts among any of these sets of values). Furthermore, different types of organizational value systems were associated with different frequencies of contending values as well as with different types of managerial response. Explicit corporate values, for example, produced a greater percentage of decisions that were stressful due to value contention. Hidden values (those that an organization practices but does not acknowledge or which a superior furtively pursues in opposition to the values of the organization) produced a lower level of value contention. Although explicit values created more value contention, they were nonetheless more likely to produce flexible, well-reasoned decisions. Conversely, managers perplexed by hidden values reported feeling unable to identify an appropriate range of options.
针对！！之间部分的题目
35. GWD23-Q25:
The passage suggests that which of the following has resulted from the influence of the rational model (line 8) ?
It has deflected researchers’ attention from a critical factor affecting managerial decision-making.
It has focused decision-making procedures on managers’ presumed ability to prioritize key corporate values.
It has diverted attention from the need for orientation of nonsupervisory employees to organizational values.
It has hampered communication between academic researchers and mangers of organizations.
It has produced theories that are practicable for analyzing decision-making processes only in relatively large organizations.
文中哪里体现选项a的 deflected researchers’ attention from a critical factor ？？？ |
