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prep1 分词作伴随状语

96.

In some species of cricket, the number of chirps per minute used by the male for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer.


(A) for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve

(B) for attracting females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, which can in fact serve

(C) in attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving

(D) to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and it can in fact serve

(E) to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving
答案是D,笔记解释说E的分词作伴随状语有歧义,但是不是说现在分词在句尾就是表伴随动作与句子谓语同时发生,逻辑主语就等于句子主语嘛,怎么会有歧义呢?
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this is totally off the subject, but lz, are you in Cali?

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can和possible意思不同

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这里possibly,错

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如果您已经成功排除了B,可以无视我举出的理由,写完才发现太啰嗦了。
另外您谈到的笔记中说:选项E存在限定模糊的问题。我也觉得在这里它不是太大问题。
我排除E是因为它暗示了温度计的功能是蟋蟀的 ‘主观故意’, 而不是仅仅的一种客观效果。

PREP SC 96
In some species of cricket, the number of chirps per minute used by the male for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve as an approximate thermometer.
(A) for attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and they can in fact serve
(B) for attracting females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, which can in fact serve
(C) in attracting females rise and fall in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving
(D) to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, and it can in fact serve
(E) to attract females rises and falls in accordance with the surrounding temperature, in fact possibly serving

主句中的主语是 'the number',根据主谓一致的原则,排除A 和E项。

保留 B C D三项。

B项中,‘which can be serve ...' ,对其语法功能,这里存在两种解释:

case 1 which 可能指称句子 'the number...raises and falls...',意思是蟋蟀鸣叫的频率随温度变化,这样的一个机制可以被用作温度计。
但是,which单独来讲是疑问代词,不是指示代词。当需要指代上文中的句子的时候需要用 that。
比如:2 square is 4, that is to say, 2 times 2 is 4。这里的 that is to say是插入语,意思是换句话说,that 指代前一个句子。
所以 case 1 不合法。

case 2 which 引导了定语从句。根据句义,我们可以判断其先行词是上文中 'the number' 。
但是,这样的话现行词和从句距离太远,而且逻辑主语 the number 在从句中仍然是主语,应该使用平列的形式 and it (指的是the number) can serve...。
所以 case 2 不合法。

排除B

现在我们来分析 C 和D 的区别:

举个例子
#1 The langth of the road lamp's shaddow decreases and increases as the Sun moves in the sky during the day, and it can actually serve as a clock.
#2
The langth of the road lamp's shaddow decreases and increases as the Sun moves in the sky during the day, in fact possibly seaving as a clock.

#1 句中,it指称the langth。it can serve as a clock,意思是那变化着的日影长度可以用来当做钟表(指示时间)。
这里的 ‘可以用来’,表示的是客观的一个事实,对一种能力的肯定,什么能力呢,就是可以指示时间的能力。
#2 句中,serving as a clock,作伴随状语,表示变化的日影长度可能始终发挥着指示时间的作用,是对一种现象的描述。
这就体现了it can serve 和 possibly serving的区别

#2 有两层含义:
#2.1 树立路灯的人,其目的就是用日影指示时间
#2.2 指示时间只是日影的一个客观效果,树立路灯的人当初没有这个目的。
但是因为 'possibly' 这个词的存在, 我们倾向于认为 #2 表达了 #2.2 的意思。
因为日影可以指示时间是有目共睹的事情,何必用possibly 表示可能呢?
结论只能是,我们用possibly来表示,我们不是对客观事实的一个描述,而是对立路灯的人的主观目的进行揣测

但是#1 中难道没有这两层含义么?有,但是#1不管那么多。
不管路灯来指示时间是有意为之,还是无意为之。#1只谨慎的强调日影具备指示时间的功能。至于树立它的人 的目的是什么,则存而不论。

再举个例子:
#3 A small Taobao store is set up by the wife of the mayor, in fact possibly serving as a method of money-laundering.
市长的夫人开了一个小的淘宝店,事实上可能发挥着洗钱的作用。
#3 表达了对于市长夫人主观意图的揣测。(事实上只要淘宝店发挥了洗钱的功能,那肯定就是主观故意)

回到原题E选项
in fact possibly serving 做伴随状语,暗示着:蟋蟀随着温度变化而变化的鸣叫频率,可能一直发挥着温度计的作用,这是蟋蟀有意为之。
因为上文以及提到了,其鸣叫频率就是随着温度变化而变化,显然就是个生物温度计,不需要再用possibly 进行揣测。
如果加了possibly, 就可能会让读者认为,作者是在揣测温度计的功能是蟋蟀‘有意为之’,对蟋蟀本身也是有用处了。
不能说E选项的说法不对。只是得出这样的结论需要更多的证据。也涉及了更多的问题。

但是相比之下,D项就要严谨的多,D项只是说明鸣叫频率变化,是可以被用来当做温度计,可以对人有用,可以对蟋蟀有用,也可以对蟋蟀没有用。
至于到底蟋蟀有没有‘主观的故意’,这种温度计机能对它有没有意义或效果,作者是存而不论,是一个开放的问题。

所以排除E,选择D。

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如果您已经成功排除了B,可以无视我举出的理由,写完才发现太啰嗦了。
另外您谈到的笔记中说:选项E存在限 ...
wyyavv 发表于 2012-1-13 21:07


LS大牛啊,解释的太精辟了。。。。您是不是老师啊?太牛了

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