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Three large companies and seven small companies currently manufacture a product with potential military applications. If the government regulates the industry, it will institute a single set of manufacturing specifications to which all ten companies will have to adhere. In this case, therefore, since none of the seven small companies can afford to convert their production lines to a new set of manufacturing specifications, only the three large companies will be able to remain in business.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the author’s argument relies?

A. None of the three large companies will go out of business if the government does not regulate the manufacture of the product.

B. It would cost more to convert the production lines of the small companies to a new set of manufacturing specifications than it would to convert the production lines of the large companies.

C. Industry lobbyists will be unable to dissuade the government from regulating the industry.

D. Assembly of the product produced according to government manufacturing specifications would be more complex than current assembly procedures.(E)

E. None of the seven small companies currently manufactures the product to a set of specifications that would match those the government would institute if the industry were to be regulated.

我觉得B是对的,可答案是E。请教高手!

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对这种assumption的题目,可以取非来做。假设B不正确,小公司转产的成本不大于大公司,题干结论仍可以正确,因为小公司的资本实力不如大公司。所以同样的转变成本,对小公司来说是致命的。反观E,取非,如果有一家小公司目前符合政府将要出台的新标准,那么他就不用有转产支出,因此至少它不会倒闭,题干的结论:七家都倒闭就不正确了,所以E是一个假设。

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since none of the seven small companiescan afford to convert their production lines to a new set ofmanufacturing specifications"  assumes that the seven small businesses would all need to convert -- which is what E says.
E比B更紧密关联题干.

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对B取非,则变成:小厂的转换成本不比大厂的转换成本高,但这并不能削弱结论,因为根据题目中的已知条件,即使转换成本相同,也有可能大厂能够承担而小厂承担不了。所以,B不是Assumption.

对E取非,则变成:有些小厂目前生产的产品就能够符合政府将要实施的规定,这样就削弱了“以后只能三个大厂才能留在这个行业”的结论。所以,E是Assumption.

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