prep2-210 关于伴随状语

ccmoomer

Emily Dickinson’sletters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
A.    Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years beforeSusan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in1886, outnumbering
B.    Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years beforeSusan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in1886, outnumber
C.    Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’smarriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886and outnumbering
D.     Dickinson, which werewritten over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’sbrother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering    (E)
E.    Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years beforeSusan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in1886, outnumber
此题答案E。A中为什么不能把outnumbering看成是were written这个动作的伴随状语？因为were written是被动所以不行么？

charles1992

原来已经讨论过这题了。

“现在分词放句尾用逗号隔开做状语时有两种功能：表伴随动作（逻辑主语为句子主语）、表伴随结果（无逻辑主语）。
outnumber和were writing不是同一时间发生，语法上不能作为伴随动作。
outnumbering和前面的were written并没有直接因果关系，逻辑上不能作为伴随结果。"

hjbb1027

this sort of modifier（ING型独主的从句结构形式） should actually satisfy TWO requirements:
1) it should apply most nearly to the subject of the preceding clause (as you've said); and, even more importantly,
2) it should have one of the following RELATIONSHIPS to that clause:
* immediate consequence
* simultaneous, but lower-priority, action
here, this modifier doesn't have either of these 2 relationships to the main clause, so it's used inappropriately.

ccmoomer

其实我觉得were written和outnumbering也可以算得上是同时发生。所以我一直认为这也算是动作的伴随。

bah-torontoer

这两个动作不能同时发生的啊~考虑下逻辑~记住这个东西叫SC= Sentence correction. 并不完全是Grammar correction，所以很多题在复习的时候，要深究下语义逻辑。

were written是描述【写信】这个动作，前半句话是说【这些信在一个时间段写的】
而outnumber它暗含着一种【结果】的意味，相当于有一种感觉，像是【后人数她之前写过的信，发现这些信的数目超过了其他的信】

也就是说，两个动作并不在一个层面上。不可能说【一边写】然后一边【outnumber】
肯定是，先是【写信】，然后后人点数后发现它【outnumber】~

ccmoomer

谢谢楼上几位的解答，完全明白了。