GWD 第十一套 T-3-Q32

weixiushiwansui

T-3-Q32.A theory is either true or false. Galileo’s observations of Jupiter’s satellites showed that the Ptolemaic theory of the motion of celestial bodies is false. Therefore, since the Copernican theory of planetary motion is inconsistent with the Ptolemaic account, Galileo’s observations of Jupiter’s satellites proved the truth of the Copernican theory.

The argument above is open to the objection that it makes the questionable assumption that

• Whoever first observed something inconsistent with the truth of the Ptolemaic theory should be credited with having proved that theory false.
  
• There are some possible observations that would be inconsistent with the account given by the Copernican theory but consistent with the account given by the Ptolemaic theory.
  
• The Ptolemaic and Copernican theories, being inconsistent, cannot both be based on exactly the same evidence
  
• Numerous counterexamples were necessary in order to show the Ptolemaic theory to be false
  
• The Ptolemaic and Copernican theories, being inconsistent, cannot both be false.
  哪位同学可以给我解释一下这道题的问题是什么意思啊？（The argument above is open to the objection that it makes the questionable assumption that ）谢谢，谢谢。open不理解
  

momohe

答案是E吗，我觉得其问题的核心就是问assumption,正是有了这个前提才使结论成立，否则就会被objected了，个人想法哈，不知答案对不对啊.

weixiushiwansui

没错就是E！那个问题是怎么解释的呢

youngerlee

我觉得是在问assumption吧。但好像不是平常我们坐的A题，因为这里问的assumption直接提示了是questionable assumption。也就是说这个论断是基于那个错误的assumption才成立的。
个人观点，仅供参考！

sylivayjer

A为什么不对啊？

daoyinger

题目大意就是问“这个argument是错的，因为他的假设错了，这个假设是：ABCDE的哪一个”。

题干在表述 G同学观察了J的卫星表明P理论不对，P理论与C理论不符。 结论G的观察证明C理论正确。
逻辑上抽象一下就是说：  J表明P不对，P与C不相符，所以J证明C正确。 但P不对和C正确只是相关联的，两者之间没有必然的因果关系。相关关系无法推出因果关系。

极有可能A和B都不对，而“A和B都不对”的反命题即“A和B不可能都错”就是这个论证过程的错误假设，也就是题目中E选项表述的。

个人觉得题目犯了两个逻辑错误：相关关系推因果关系和非此即彼的两难选择