补充材料第8篇 warm－blooded与microwave radiation
第2题
Behavior is one of two general responses available to endothermic (warm-blooded) species for the regulation of body temperature, the other being innate (reflexive) mechanisms of heat production and heat loss. Human beings rely primarily on the first to provide a hospitable thermal microclimate for themselves, in which the transfer of heat between the body and the environment is accomplished with minimal involvement of innate mechanisms of heat production and loss.
The author makes which of the following points about innate mechanisms for heat production?
I. They are governed by thermoreceptors inside the body of the organism rather than at the surface.
II. They are a less effective means of compensating for gross changes in temperature than behavioral strategies.
III. They are not affected by microwave radiation.
(A) I only
(B) I and II only
(C) I and III only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II, and III
答案B, 我觉得II不对。文中“Human beings rely primarily on the first to provide a hospitable thermal microclimate for themselves,”只是说了human beings是有这种effective的差异，但并不是所有的warm－blooded的生物都是这样呀。
3. Which of the following would be the most logical topic for the author to take up in the paragraph following the final paragraph of the selection?
(A) A suggestion for new research to be done on the effects of microwaves on animals and human beings
(B) An analysis of the differences between microwave radiation
(C) A proposal that the use of microwave radiation be prohibited because it is dangerous
(D) A survey of the literature on the effects of microwave radiation on human beings
(E) A discussion of the strategies used by various species to control hyperthermia
答案为A。当时不选A是因为文中一直讲human，而A突然出来了一个animals。所以虽然B有点偏离主题，还是选了.
Until recently it was assumed that organisms respond to microwave radiation in the same way that they respond to temperature changes caused by other forms of radiation. After all, the argument runs, microwaves are radiation and heat body tissues. This theory ignores the fact that the stimulus to a behavioral response is normally a temperature change that occurs at the surface of the organism.
5. The author implies that the proponents of the theory that microwave radiation acts on organisms in the same way as other forms of radiation based their conclusions primarily on
(A) laboratory research
(B) unfounded assumption
(C) control group surveys
(D) deductive reasoning
(E) causal investigation
答案为B，但我觉得“After all, the argument runs, microwaves are radiation and heat body tissues.“不是unfounded assumption，而是”事实“。其论证错误在于“ignore he fact that the stimulus to a behavioral response is normally a temperature change that occurs at the surface of the organism.”所以应该选D. |
