OG紫 16

pfullsomer

16．Declining values for farm equipment and land，the collateral against which farmers borrow to through the harvest season, is going to force many lenders to tighten or deny credit this spring．


(A)the collateral against which farmers borrow to get through the harvest season，is
(B)which farmers use as collateral to borrow against to get through the harvest season，is
(C)the collateral which is borrowed against by farmers to get through the harvest season，is
(D)which farmers use as collateral to borrow against to get through the harvest season，are
(E)the collateral against which farmers borrow to get through the harvest season，are

The correct answer is E．

请问D为什么不对啊？
The collarteral 为什么不是 farm equipment and land的同位语？它不是直接解释了farm equipment and land吗?  为什么它是Declining values 的同位语？？ 谢谢

JoshwuS

which 充当关系代词作主语，再加上个farmers 一个句子有两个主语了。

zm_patrickS

定语从句有两种。一种是动词性的，一种是介词行的。也就是说引导词在句子中是做介词宾语还是动词宾语的问题。而against是介词，引导词所充当的成分在介词之后，这样就要把介词放到引导词which前。
比如：He is the man by whom my father was killed。

IMARCUS

关系代词充当介词宾语时，应将介词提前，构成介词+which 型定语从句。
E选项：
the colletral 作为 farm equipment and land的同位语，划线句子还原就是 farmers borrow（money)  against  the collateral to get through the harvest season 。 money 省略， 意思是农民以农具和土地作为抵押品借钱

D选项：
1）一个定语从句的先行词不可能充当句子中的两个成分：farmers use  （先行词which)...    borrow against (先行词which）
2）use as colletral   / borrow against   重复语意，不简洁

pfullsomer

终于明了了~ 灰常感谢！！