求解：OG18-108

zm_patrickS

When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the


Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, he began a ten-year


battle to win recognition from the Pullman Company, the


largest private employer of Black people in the United


(5) States and thecompany that controlled the railroad


industry’s sleeping car and parlor service. In 1935 the


Brotherhood became the first Black union recognized by a


major corporation. Randolph’s efforts in the battlehelped


transform the attitude of Black workers toward unions and


(10) toward themselves asan identifiable group; eventually,


Randolph helped to weaken organized labor’s antagonism


toward Black workers.


In the Pullman contest Randolph faced formidable


obstacles. The first was Black workers’ understandable


( 15) skepticism towardunions, which had historically barred


Black workers from membership. An additional obstacle


was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which


weakened support among Black workers for an


independent entity.


(20) The Brotherhoodpossessed a number of advantages,


however, including Randolph’s own tactical abilities. In


1928 he took the bold step of threatening a strikeagainst


Pullman. Such a threat, on a national scale, under Black


leadership, helped replace the stereotype of the Black


(25)worker as servantwith the image of the Black worker as


wage earner. In addition, the porters’ very isolationaided


the Brotherhood. Porters were scattered throughout the


country, sleeping in dormitories in Black communities;


their segregated life protected the union’s internal


(30) communications frominterception. That the porters were a


homogeneous group working for a single employer with


single labor policy, thus sharing the same grievancesfrom


city to city, also strengthened the Brotherhood andencour-


aged racial identity and solidarity as well. But it wasonly


(35) in the early 1930’sthat federal legislation prohibiting a


company from maintaining its own unions with company


money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become


recognized as the porters’ representative.


Not content with this triumph, Randolph brought the


(40)Brotherhood into theAmerican Federation of Labor, where


it became the equal of the Federation’s 105 other unions.


He reasoned that as a member union, the Brotherhood


would be in a better position to exert pressure on member


unions that practiced race restrictions. Suchrestrictions


were eventually found unconstitutional in 1944.




108. In using the word “understandable” (line 14), theauthor most clearly conveys


(A)             sympathy with attempts by the Brotherhoodbetween 1925 and 1935 to establish an independent union.


(B)             concern that the obstacles faced by Randolphbetween 1925 and 1935 were indeed formidable


(C)             ambivalence about the significance of unionsto most Black workers in the 1920’s.


(D)             appreciation of the attitude of many Blackworkers in the 1920’s toward unions. (D)


(E)regret at the historical attitude of unionstoward Black workers.


看了OG的解释也想不通为啥子是选D不选B啊？


不是前面就有一句“In the Pullman contest Randolph faced formidable

obstacles”
还有就是愣是想不通D哪个地方对啊？我第一个就把D排除了，觉得应该选个贬义的选项。。。。。。


求解释啊～～～～

gmatmba

同顶，我也觉得是B。appreciation如果当理解讲还说的通，可没有这个意思啊。。。

danni423

111. The passage suggests that in the 1920’s a company in the United States was able to
(A)    use its own funds to set up a union
(B)    require its employees to join the company’s own union
(C)    develop a single labor policy for all its employees with little employee dissent.
(D)    pressure its employees to contribute money to maintain the company’s own union
(E)    use its resources to prevent the passage of federal legislation that would have facilitated the formation of independent unions.

选A。

这题我也觉得有问题，原文中说的是直到30年代，由于Porter的参与，政府才逐步让公司用自己的钱成立工会。那1920年的时候，肯定是不让用公司自己的钱的。A不可能对啊。。。But it was only in the early 1930’s that federal legislation prohibiting a company from maintaining its own unions with company money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become recognized as the porters’ epresentative.