MBA全国联考英语之MBA专业术语四

cctv007

D
　　deadweight loss 无谓损失
　　The reduction in total surplus that results from a tax
　　demand curve 需求曲线
　　a graph of the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded
　　demand deposits 活期存款
　　Balances in bank accounts that depositors can access on demand by writing a check
　　demand schedule 需求表
　　a table that shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded
　　depreciation 贬值
　　a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy
　　depression 萧条
　　a severe recession
　　diminishing marginal product 边际产量递减
　　The property whereby the marginal product of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases
　　The property that the marginal product of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases
　　diminishing returns 收益递减
　　The property that the benefit from an extra unit of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases
　　discount rate 贴现率
　　The interest rate on the loans that the Fed makes to banks
　　discouraged workers 丧失信心的工人
　　Individuals who would like to work but have given up looking for a job
　　discrimination 歧视
　　The offering of different opportunities to similar individuals who differ only by race, ethnic group, sex, age, or other personal characteristics
　　diseconomies of scale 规模不经济
　　The property that long-run average total cost rises as the quantity of output increases
　　dominant strategy 优势战略
　　a strategy that is best for a player in a game regardless of the strategies chosen by the other players
　　debt 债务
　　capital, such as bonds and bank loans, supplied to a firm by lenders; the firm promises to repay the amount borrowed with interest
　　decentralization 分权化
　　organizational structure in which many individuals or subunits can make decisions
　　decision tree 决策树
　　a device for structured decision making that spells out the choices and possible consequences of alternative actions
　　deficit spending 赤字支出
　　The situation that exists when government expenditures are greater than revenues
　　deflation 通货紧缩
　　a persistent decrease in the general level of prices
　　demand-constrained equilibrium 受需求约束的平衡
　　The equilibrium that occurs when prices are stuck at a level above that at which aggregate demand equals aggregate supply at the current price level
　　demand-pull inflation 需求拉动型通货膨胀
　　inflation whose initial cause is aggregate demand exceeding aggregate supply at the current price level
　　demographic effects 人口效应
　　effects that arise from changes in characteristics of www.mba9.cn the population such as age, birthrates, and location
　　deregulation 放松管制
　　The lifting of government regulations to allow the market to function more freely
　　devaluation 贬值
　　a reduction in the rate of exchange between one currency and other currencies under a fixed exchange rate system
　　developed countries 发达国家或工业化国家
　　The wealthiest nations in the world, including Western Europe, the United States, Canada, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand
　　diminishing marginal utility 边际效用递减
　　The principle that says that as an individual consumes more and more of a good, each successive unit increases her utility, or enjoyment, less and less
　　dividends 股息
　　That portion of corporate profits paid out to shareholders
　　downward rigidity of wages 工资下降刚性
　　The situation that exists when wages do not fall quickly in response to a shift in the demand or supply curve for labor, resulting in an excess supply of labor
　　dual economy 二元经济
　　The separation in many LDCs between an impoverished rural sector and an urban sector that has higher wages and more advanced www.mba9.cn technology
　　duopoly 双头垄断
　　an industry with only two firms
　　durable goods 耐用品
　　goods that provide a service over a number of years, such as cars, major appliances, and furniture
　　dynamic consistency 动态一致性
　　a policy is said to have dynamic consistency when government announces a course of action and then has the incentives to actually carry out that policy