请教逻辑

xdrertty

Below is an excerpt from a letter that was sent by the chairman of a corporation to the stockholders.
A number of charges have been raised against me, some serious, some trivial. Individuals seeking to control the corporation for their own purposes have demanded my resignation. Remember that no court of law in any state has found me guilty of any criminal offense whatsoever. In the American tradition, as you know, an individual is considered innocent until proven guilty. Furthermore, as the corporation’s unbroken six-year record of growth will show, my conduct of my official duties as chairman has only helped enhance the success of the corporation, and so benefited every stockholder.
Which of the following can be properly inferred from the excerpt?
(A) The chairman believes that all those who have demanded his resignation are motivated by desire to control the corporation for their own purposes.
(B) Any misdeeds that the chairman may have committed were motivated by his desire to enhance the success of the corporation.
(C) The chairman is innocent of any criminal offense.
(D) The corporation has expanded steadily over the past six years.
(E) Any legal proceedings against the chairman have resulted in his acquittal.
答案是D，我没有意见。不过也觉得E好像挺好，哪位请帮忙指出E中错误

xdrertty

In the years since the city of London imposed strict air-pollution regulations on local industry, the number of bird species seen in and around London has increased dramatically. Similar air-pollution rules should be imposed in other major cities.
Each of the following is an assumption made in the argument above EXCEPT:
(A) In most major cities, air-pollution problems are caused almost entirely by local industry.
(B) Air-pollution regulations on industry have a significant impact on the quality of the air.
(C) The air-pollution problems of other major cities are basically similar to those once suffered by London.
(D) An increase in the number of bird species in and around a city is desirable.
(E) The increased sightings of bird species in and around London reflect an actual increase in the number of species in the area.
答案是A，我觉得应该是D啊。因为提干问的是assumption的问题，D中。。。increase。。。desirable在原文本来就有了“。。。。increased dramatically”，所以为什么不是D而是A呢？唉，逻辑一向是我的弱项，如果谁觉得不值得问这些简单问题，可别见怪啊

himba

你可能对D选项的意思有一点误解，D选项是说鸟的增加是人们所想要看到的，这是在描述人们的主观的态度，而与原文中的 INCREASED DRAMATICALLY 的一个客观事实的描述没什么关系。D选项应该成为前提的原因是如果人们不希望看见鸟的增加，那干嘛还要防止污染来增加鸟的数量呢？至于A，就算POLLUTION 不是由LOCAL INDUSTRY 引起的，但是治理LOCAL INDUSTRY可以使鸟增加仍然是一个事实，
这一点原文没有加以任何的限制，所以对后面的推理没有任何的影响。

himba

本人认为E犯了一个逻辑错误。E项应该说成是：despite all  legal proceedings against the chairman ,he still ended up with acquittal.也就是说E选项说是legal proceedings against the chairman 造成了他的acquttal是不合逻辑的。

xdrertty

以下是引用himba在2004-12-15 17:51:00的发言： 你可能对D选项的意思有一点误解，D选项是说鸟的增加是人们所想要看到的，这是在描述人们的主观的态度，而与原文中的 INCREASED DRAMATICALLY 的一个客观事实的描述没什么关系。D选项应该成为前提的原因是如果人们不希望看见鸟的增加，那干嘛还要防止污染来增加鸟的数量呢？至于A，就算POLLUTION 不是由LOCAL INDUSTRY 引起的，但是治理LOCAL INDUSTRY可以使鸟增加仍然是一个事实， 这一点原文没有加以任何的限制，所以对后面的推理没有任何的影响。

many thanks!