85. Which one of the following most accurately expresses the method used to counter the automakers’ current position?
A. The automakers’ premises are shown to lead to a contradiction.
B. Facts are mentioned that show that the automakers are relying on false information.
C. A flaw is pointed out in the reasoning used by the automakers to reach their conclusion.
D. A comparison is drawn between the automakers’ current position and a position they held in the past.
E. Evidence is provided that the new emissions legislation is both economically feasible and environmentally necessary.
Answer D
可是怎么看也看不出来有现在和以前对比立场的对比呀。
89. Rhizobium bacteria living in the roots of bean plants or other legumes produce fixed nitrogen, which is one of the essential plant nutrients and which for non-legume crops, such as wheat, normally must be supplied by applications of nitrogen-based fertilizer. So if biotechnology succeeds in producing wheat strains whose roots will play host to Rhizobium bacteria, the need for artificial fertilizers will be reduced.
The argument above makes which one of the following assumptions?
A. Biotechnology should be directed toward producing plants that do not require artificial fertilize.
B. Fixed nitrogen is currently the only soil nutrient that must be supplied by artificial fertilizer for growing wheat crops.
C. There are no naturally occurring strains of wheat or other grasses that have Rhizobium bacteria living in their roots.
D. Legumes are currently the only corps that produce their own supply of fixed nitrogen.
E. Rhizobium bacteria living in the roots of wheat would produce fixed nitrogen.
Answer E
为什么C不对呢？把它取非weaken作者结论啊。
95. Scientific research that involves international collaboration has produced papers of greater influence, as measured by the number of times a paper is cited in subsequent papers, than has research without any collaboration. Papers that result from international collaboration are cited an average of seven times, whereas papers with single authors are cited only three times on average. This difference shows that research projects conducted by international research teams are of greater importance than those conducted by single researchers.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A. Prolific writers can inflate the number of citations they receive by citing themselves in subsequent papers.
B. It is possible to ascertain whether or not a paper is the product of international collaboration by determining the number of citations it has received.
C. The number of citations a paper receives is a measure of the importance of the research it reports.
D. The collaborative efforts of scientists who are citizens of the same country do not produce papers that are as important as papers that are produced by international collaboration.
E. International research teams tend to be more generously funded than are single researchers.
Answer C.
Why not D. 把它取非weaken作者结论啊。
96. Prominent business executives often play active roles in United States presidential campaigns as fundraisers or backroom strategists, but few actually seek to become president themselves. Throughout history the great majority of those who have sought to become president have been lawyers, military leaders, or full-time politicians. This is understandable, for the personality and skills that make for success in business do not make for success in politics. Business is largely hierarchical, whereas politics is coordinative. As a result, business executives tend to be uncomfortable with compromises and power-sharing, which are inherent in politics.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the proposed explanation of why business executives do not run for president?
A. Many of the most active presidential fundraisers and backroom strategists are themselves politicians.
B. Military leaders are generally no more comfortable with compromises and power-sharing than are business executives.
C. Some of the skills needed to become a successful lawyer are different from some of those needed to become a successful military leader.
D. Some former presidents have engaged in business ventures after leaving office.
E. Some hierarchically structured companies have been major financial supporters of candidates for president.
answer B.
But why not A?
101:
Zelda: Dr. Ladlow, a research psychologist, has convincingly demonstrated that his theory about the determinants of rat behavior generates consistently accurate predictions about how rats will perform in a maze. On the basis of this evidence, Dr. Ladlow has claimed that his theory is irrefutably correct.
Anson: Then Dr. Ladlow is not a responsible psychologist, Dr. Ladlow’s evidence does not conclusively prove that his theory is correct. Responsible psychologists always accept the possibility that new evidence will show that their theories are incorrect.
Anson bases his conclusion about Dr. Ladlow on which one of the following?
A. an attack on Dr. Ladlow’s character
B. the application of a general principle
C. the use of an ambiguous term
D. the discrediting of facts
E. the rejectiion of a theoretical explanation
Answer: B
Why?
