GWD14-07

chriszhx

Q7:

A recent review of pay scales indicates that CEO’s now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times in 1980.

 

1. that CEO’s now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times
2. that, on average, CEO’s now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, a ratio that compares to 42 times
3. that, on average, CEO’s now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio
4. CEO’s who now earn on average 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio
5. CEO’s now earning an average of 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, compared to the ratio of 42 times

答案选B，哪位NN能帮忙分析一下句子结构，讲解一下每个选项错误的地方，谢谢！

个人分析：（选了C）

从句，需要THAT，排除D,E。

划线部分逗号以后为壮语后置，动作的执行为主句的主语REVIEW完成，排除B。

A选项中的42 timess in 1980,表达不清晰，不知道是42倍的什么，所以排除A,选C。（不过觉得C感觉也怪怪的。）

yoyozjm1228

这题答案就是C吧？

Redshoe08

同疑惑~关于比较的题越做越疑惑，越做越没信心啊～

qianrener

C会有歧异，CEO的工资是四十二倍

原文是要表达是工资比例是四十二倍

chriszhx

我想明白了，C选项中代词their指代不清。排除。

B选项中，a ratio that compares to 42 times，为CEO’s now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers的同位语。(正解)

A选项中，compared to a ratio of 42 times，壮语后置，动作执行者为A recent review，逻辑错误，排除。

D,E选项，宾语从句不能省THAT,排除。

罗杰Liu

我选B

Q7:

A recent review of pay scales indicates that CEO’s now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times in 1980. 

1. that CEO’s now earn an average of 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, compared to a ratio of 42 times  不正确: 不清楚是什么东东“compare to” a ratio of 42 times 
2. that, on average, CEO’s now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, a ratio that compares to 42 times  正确
3. that, on average, CEO’s now earn 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio  不正确: their 指代的对象不清楚 
4. CEO’s who now earn on average 419 times more pay than blue-collar workers, as compared to 42 times their pay, the ratio 不正确：1）句子主干为indicates CEO's， awkward. 2) 同C 
5. CEO’s now earning an average of 419 times the pay of blue-collar workers, compared to the ratio of 42 times 不正确：indicates CEO's now earning...

songyeonpp

我没听说过代词有就近原则。。只听过谓语单复数的就近原则。

查了一下，曾有这方面的讨论，讨论的比较清楚。(本来想发链接的，但是发不上去，是不是锁定不能粘贴别的论坛的链接啊？每次把论坛的名字给我删了，下面红色的部分为讨论部分）

总结：代词指代，就近指代 (GEMJ说是错误的)or按逻辑意思指代？
      

在总结时发现代词指代很值得讨论：
观点：代词指代按逻辑意思指代，而非就近指代；
有的表面上看是就近指代，但根本还是按逻辑意思来指代。
     

1．
      代词指代按逻辑意思指代，而非就近指代。
举例：XDF-S7-T24，XDF-S12-T21
     

XDF-S7-T24
24. Several years ago the diet industry introduced a variety of appetite suppressants, but some of these drugs caused stomach disorders severe enough to have them banned by the Food and Drug Administration.
(A) stomach disorders severe enough to have them
(B) stomach disorders that were severe enough so they were
(C) stomach disorders of such severity so as to be
(D) such severe stomach disorders that they were
(E) such severe stomach disorders as to be
The answer is D.
其中
but some of these drugs caused such severe stomach disorders that they were banned by the Food and Drug Administration.
“they ”
      按逻辑意思指代drugs，而非就近指代。
       

songyeonpp

XDF-补充材料-T230
230. In an effort to reduce their inventories, Italian vintners have cut prices; their wines have been priced to sell, and they are.
(A) have been priced to sell, and they are
(B) are priced to sell, and they have
(C) are priced to sell, and they do
(D) are being priced to sell, and have
(E) had been priced to sell, and they have
     

The answer is C.其中their wines are priced to sell, and they do.
“they” 按逻辑意思指代wines.
虽然满足就近指代，
     但根本还是按逻辑意思来指代。
注意：这里同一句中的their, they 并没有指代同一名词.
their指代前面的Vintners, 而they 指代wines.

结论：代词指代按逻辑意思指代，而非就近指代；
有的表面上看是就近指代，但根本还是按逻辑意思来指代。

个人方法：一般来说先选那些没有代词的，避免歧义的出现。实在都有代词，也是按逻辑意思指代，来选择选项。我个人觉得这题用their，还是有指代不清，歧义之嫌的。

不过刚才看到一个说法，B选项中，compares应改为被动式compared，因为ratio是被比较，不能主动完成这个比较的动作，这种说法还是挺合理的。所以B也有可挑的毛病。

哎。。。。虽然两个都不好，但既然prep的答案是C，继续纠集就没多大意思了。

大家还是运用一下从小学习汉语拼音表的方法，背起来好了！！

songyeonpp

XDF-S12-T21
21. The filibuster, a parliamentary device that slows the snail’s pace that prevails even in the best of times in congressional sessions and tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems more and more an anachronism in the age of telecommunications.
(A) sessions and tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems
(B) sessions and tests the endurance of everyone who is associated with it, seeming to be
(C) sessions, tests the endurance of everyone associated with it, seems
(D) sessions, that tests the endurance of everyone associated with it and seems
(E) sessions, testing the endurance of everyone associated with it and seeming

The answer is A.
     

其中
a parliamentary device that slows( the snail’s pace that prevails even in the best of times in congressional sessions) and tests ( the endurance of everyone associated with it)
     

即a parliamentary device that slows …and tests…
it按逻辑意思指代 a parliamentary device , 而非就近指代。
     

2．有的表面上看是就近指代，但根本还是按逻辑意思来指代。
举例：XDF-S12-T20，XDF-补充材料-T230
     

XDF-S12-T20
20. In December of 1987 an automobile manufacturer pleaded no contest to criminal charges of odometer tampering and agreed to pay more than $16 million in civil damages for cars that were test-driven with their odometers disconnected.
(A) cars that were test-driven with their odometers disconnected
(B) cars that it had test-driven with their disconnected odometers
(C) its cars having been test-driven with disconnected odometers
(D) having test-driven cars with their odometers disconnected
(E) having cars that were test-driven with disconnected odometers
     

The answer is D.
     

Sb. pay sth. for having test-driven cars with their odometers disconnected.
     

其中with their odometers disconnected 作定语，修饰cars;
their 按逻辑意思指代cars.
虽然满足就近指代，
      但根本还是按逻辑意思来指代。