OG11-122

benzheren

OG 11 CR中唯一一道让我觉得答案不convincing的题，大家讨论一下吧

答案选D，Successor cultures at a given site often adopt the style of agricultural implements used by earlier inhabitants of the same site.

可是题目中明明已经说了Moreover, the implements' designs are strikingly different from the designs of stone implements produced by other cultures known to have inhabited the area in prehistoric times.也就是说这种石质农具跟其他文明完全不同，那么这个农具只可能是玛雅人造的，那么这个题目的推理其实是无懈可击的。

不知道我的理解miss了那些重要点，请NN指点

122. The earliest Mayan pottery found at Colha, in Belize, is about 3,000 years old. Recently, however, 4,500-year-old stone agricultural implements were unearthed at Colha. These implements resemble Mayan stone implements of a much later period, also found at Colha. Moreover, the implements' designs are strikingly different from the designs of stone implements produced by other cultures known to have inhabited the area in prehistoric times. Therefore, there were surely Mayan settlements in Colha 4,500 years ago.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Ceramic ware is not known to have been used by the Mayan people to make agricultural implements.
(B) Carbon dating of corn pollen in Colha indicates that agriculture began there around 4,500 years ago.
(C) Archaeological evidence indicates that some of the oldest stone implements found at Colha were used to cut away vegetation after controlled burning of trees to open areas of swampland for cultivation.
(D) Successor cultures at a given site often adopt the style of agricultural implements used by earlier inhabitants of the same site.
(E) Many religious and social institutions of the Mayan people who inhabited Colha 3,000 years ago relied on a highly developed system of agricultural symbols.

AlphaBeta

D实际是说玛雅人模仿了早期文明的农业用具。则削弱了原文。

benzheren

今年又看了两遍 明白了 多谢提醒

发现最后还是阅读有点问题 呵呵

sinadragon

GWD-12-Q11***

In general, jobs are harder to get in times of economic recession because many businesses cut back operations.  However, any future recessions in Vargonia will probably not reduce the availability of teaching jobs at government-funded schools.  This is because Vargonia has just introduced a legal requirement that education in government-funded schools be available, free of charge, to all Vargonian children regardless of the state of the economy, and that current student-teacher ratios not be exceeded.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A.      The current student-teacher ratio at Vargonia’s government-funded schools is higher than it was during the most recent period of economic recession.

B.      During recent periods when the Vargonian economy has been strong, almost 25 percent of Vargonian children have attended privately funded schools, many of which charge substantial fees.

C.     Nearly 20 percent more teachers are currently employed in Vargonia’s government-funded schools than had been employed in those schools in the period before the last economic recession.

D.     Teachers in Vargonia’s government-funded schools are well paid relative to teachers in most privately funded schools in Vargonia, many of which rely heavily on part-time teachers.

E.      During the last economic recession in Vargonia, the government permanently closed a number of the schools that it had funded.

请教一题

jennifer1985

这道题我还是不懂，为什么明明说 the implements' designs are different from that produced by other cultures known to have inhabited the area ,答案还是说it was produced by another culture existed at the same site?????

多谢指教

chenjinchent

文章的结论之所以得出玛雅人早在4500年前便在那里定居，只是因为发现的4500年前的农具与玛雅人用的农具相同，而与其他文明的农具明显不同。推理的缺陷是：如果后面的文明只是延续使用前面的文明所发明的农具，那么便不能只由“农具相同”推出“前面的文明也是玛雅文明”，故D选项削弱了结论。

assurance

对这句话的理解,你可能遗失了部分信息:Moreover, the implements' designs are strikingly different from the designs of stone implements produced by other cultures known to have inhabited the area in prehistoric times.
  

请注意:have inhabited the area in prehistoric times.
  是与这个地方史前时期的文明进行比较,没有包括异地历史上的文明,因此仍然是"有懈可击"的:

如果4500前一个外来文明定居此地(它并非此地史前的原住居民,因此不与题干划线部分产生矛盾),1500年后,它的后任玛雅文明继承模仿了它农业工具的设计,不就削弱了原命题吗? 这也是D选项想表达的意思.

个人认为在考场上要把每道题的每一点都考虑周全,可能真的比较难.从快速做题的角度上来讲,如果你感到比较模糊,不妨这样考虑:这道题的逻辑推理其实一直建立在一个时间前后关系上的:史前--4500前--3000前,感觉到这个关系就可以了,至于内在的逻辑关系到底是怎样的,一时没想清楚也不要紧.结论无非就是说:原来以为是3000年前,现在认为是4500年前.

那么答案无论是weaken还是support逻辑上都要体现出前后的一种时间关系,单独陈述某个时期的某个事实都是无济于事的.然后我们"很不幸"地发现貌似只有D存在这种关系--successor,earlier.一步到位,连进一步排除的机会都没了.