Is it possible to decrease
inflation without causing a reces-
sion and its concomitant increase
line in unemployment? The orthodox
(5) answer is “no.” whether they
support the “inertia” theory of
inflation (that today’s inflation rate
is caused by yesterday’s infla-
tion, the state of the economic
(10) cycle, and external influences
such as import prices) or the
“rational expectations” theory
(that inflation is caused by
workers’ and employers’ expec-
(15) tations, coupled with a lack of
credible monetary and fiscal
policies), most economists
agree that tight monetary and
fiscal policies, which cause
(20) recessions, are necessary to
decelerate inflation. They point
out that in the 1980’s, many
European countries and the
United States conquered high
(25) (by these countries’ standards)
inflation, but only by applying tight
monetary and fiscal policies that
sharply increased unemployment.
Nevertheless, some govern-
(30) ments’ policymakers insist that
direct controls on wages and
prices, without tight monetary and
fiscal policies, can succeed in
decreasing inflation. Unfortu-
(35) nately, because this approach
fails to deal with the underlying
causes of inflation, wage and
price controls eventually col-
lapse, the hitherto-repressed
(40) inflation resurfaces, and in the
meantime, though the policy-
makers succeed in avoiding a
recession, a frozen structure of
relative prices imposes distor-
(45) tions that do damage to the
economy’s prospects for long-
term growth.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10
The passage suggests that the high inflation in the
United States and many European countries in the
1980’s differed from inflation elsewhere in which of
the following ways?
A. It fit the rational expectations theory of inflation
but not the inertia theory of inflation.
B. It was possible to control without causing a
recession.
C. It was easier to control in those countries by
applying tight monetary and fiscal policies
than it would have been elsewhere.
D. It was not caused by workers’ and employers’
expectations.
E. It would not necessarily be considered high
elsewhere.
Answer:E
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen
The author’s conclusion about the use of wage and
price controls?
A. Countries that repeatedly use wage and price
controls tend to have lower long-term economic
growth rates than do other countries.
B. Countries that have extremely high inflation
frequently place very stringent controls on
wages and prices in an attempt to decrease
the inflation.
C. Some countries have found that the use of wage
and price controls succeeds in decreasing
inflation but also causes a recession.
D. Policymakers who advocate the use of wage
and price controls believe that these controls
will deal with the underlying causes of inflation.
E. Policymakers who advocate the use o wage
and price controls are usually more concerned
about long-term economic goals than about
short-term economic goals
answer:A
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12
The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. apply two conventional theories.
B examine a generally accepted position
C. support a controversial policy
D. explain the underlying causes of a
phenomenon
E. propose an innovative solution
Answer：B
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CR想起来再上来写。
最后写点废话：北京天气挺冷的，又没来暖气，大家备考期间多注意身体，千万不要感冒了，我就是没注意，考前十几天开始咳嗽，咳得上气不接下气一句完整的话都说不了，感觉脑髓都快咳干了，为了早点好中药西药一起上，考前两天终于不太咳了。不想考试中心休息区挺凉，考试间特热，考前把外套脱了，休息时进进出出也没穿，考verbal的时候嗓子痒痒又开始想咳嗽，怕影响旁边的同学，捂着嘴憋在嗓子眼里咳，憋得眼泪都呛出来了，好在一会就不咳了。所以大家考试出来休息的时候要是觉得凉赶紧披外套，千万别偷懒。
