GWD7-Q18

jianglxiang

求高手帮我分析下这道题，另外blodface题一直做不好，有什么思路啊？

Although the earliest surviving Greek inscriptions written in an alphabet date from the eighth century B.C., a strong case can be made that the Greeks actually adopted alphabetic writing at least two centuries earlier.  Significantly, the text of these earliest surviving Greek inscriptions sometimes runs from right to left and sometimes from left to right.  Now, the Greeks learned alphabetic writing from the Phoenicians, and in the process they would surely have adopted whatever convention the Phoenicians were then using with respect to the direction of writing.  Originally, Phoenician writing ran in either direction, but by the eighth century B.C. it had been consistently written from right to left for about two centuries.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

1. The first is the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second reports a discovery that has been used to support a position that the argument opposes. 

2. The first is the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second presents an assumption on which the argument relies
3. The first presents evidence that is used in support of the position that the argument seeks to establish; the second presents an assumption on which the argument relies.

4. The first is an objection raised against a position that the argument opposes; the second is the position that the argument seeks to establish.

5. The first is an objection raised against a position that the argument opposes; the second is evidence that has been used to support that position.

   Answer:B

maseryou

B为什么不对，B很像evidence啊

aster2009

1.now 有转折的意思.过去blabla(说左右怎么写都行),now 情况不同了.now 后面才是想说的重点.the Greeks learned alphabetic writing from the Phoenicians 是一个事实,但是注意后面的would surely have done,显然这个不太可能是事实吧,有猜测的感觉. 所以,是一个assumption.而不是evidence.

2.同意你的理解.反对反对的,就是支持文章的观点. 但是,文章只是使用although转折关系,提出自己的观点,而非否定反对一个观点.(e.g. although 我很饿, 但是我不吃饭. "我不吃饭"并不是对"我很饿"的objection)

objection 如果使用,应该是非常明显的辩论环境(2人pk)或者明显的提出对立观点的环境.

话说回来,你的第2点我之前没太注意也没仔细深究过,刚才想了想,收获还是很大的.

jianglxiang

多谢。我还有两点不明白

1、now前面的话和后面的有什么关系啊？为什么后面是assumption

2、The first is an objection raised against a position that the argument opposes是不是说反对文章反对的观点（即=文章支持的观点）。好绕啊

解释一下多谢

aster2009

我晕掉了，刚才写了那么多字结果系统错误，没发表成功，白写了，还没有备份！太不智能了。再写一下吧。

结构：
Although 。。。， a strong case can be made that 黑体1。....Now， Greeks learned...， they would surely have done（黑体2）。。。

可见，although是他反对的观点， 黑体1是他给出的观点（不是反对的，也不是evidence）。所以可以直接排出CDE。
黑体2并不是事实，而已一种假设推测（would surely have done）。 这也是支持黑体1观点的。
所以选B。

黑体2后面一堆废话，但是没有明显态度词，所以可以忽略。

我此类题的思路是，判断黑体是： 观点还是证据，只事实还是推测，是支持还是反对。基本就能够推出结果了。

另外，DE说黑体1是objection against 观点（argument 反对的一个观点）。非常绕。 argument支持的是黑体1，反对的是although之后的话。 不要因为用了although，就认为argument是反对黑体1。这点要体会一下，否则会被objection之类的干扰。（如果although+黑体1，...，那么，arguemtn是反对黑体1的。）