这种结构表示过去的能力,表示动作并未付诸实施:
I could have lent you the money.Why didn't you ask me? 我那时是能借钱给你的。你为什么没有向我借? 或用于表示不知道行动是否已付诸实施的场合: The money has disappeared!Who could have taken it? 钱不见了!谁会把它拿走呢? Tom could have(taken it);he was here alone yesterday. 有可能是汤姆把它拿走的;昨天他单独一个人在这里呆过。 比较以下两句: He was able to sent a message. 他设法送了个信来。(他送了。) He could have sent a message. 他本可以送个信来。(他没有送,或者我们不知道他是否送过。)
could+完成式可表示因别人没做某事感到不满或责备:
You could have told me.来源:考试大 你本来可以告诉我的。相当于: I am annoyed/disappointed that you didn't tell me.You should have told me. 你没告诉我,我感到不高兴/失望。你本来应该告诉我的。 说话的人要对自己希望强调的词重读。
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