If your firstlanguage is not English or if the language of instruction of your previousdegree is not English, we ask you to provide evidence of your command ofEnglish. You should include your test scores, if available, in the relevantsection of the application form. If you receive an offer of admission, it willbe subject to proof of your score.

English tests mustbe less than two years old by 1 October in the year you intend tostart your programme. If you have not yet taken the test, your application canbe considered in its absence, but any offer will be conditional on yourachieving the required score.

There are standardand higher requirements, and you must check which applies to your programme.Research programmes and the Law Department have yet higher requirements. Pleasenote that our standard requirements have increased slightly from 2012 entry.

• Standard: 6.5 in IELTS (at least 6.0 in each section) or 100 in     the internet-based TOEFL (at least 21 in writing, and 20 in the     other three elements)
• Higher: 7.0 in IELTS     (at     least 6.0 in each section) or 107 in the     internet-based TOEFL (at least 21 in writing, and 20 in the other     three elements)
• Law Department:     7.5 overall in IELTS (at least 7.0 in listening and writing and 6.0 in reading and     speaking) or 109 in the     internet-based TOEFL (at least 24 in listening, 25 in writing and 20     in the other elements)
• Research     programmes: 7.0 overall in IELTS (at least 7.0 in writing and 6.5 in the other     elements) or 107 in the     internet-based TOEFL (at least 25 in the writing element and 22 in the other elements)

test scoresmay be acceptable if you have already obtained them. You should supply evidenceof your English test with your application and if you are made an offer we willindicate whether we will accept your score or if we require one of the testsabove. You may be required to achieve a higher score at the discretion of theselectors. If you have not yet taken any English test, we recommend that youtake the IELTS or TOEFL test.