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标题: 求助一道to do的歧义问题。PREP2 150 [打印本页]

作者: LoveY 时间: 2011-12-4 07:26 标题: 求助一道to do的歧义问题。PREP2 150

150。Hydrocarbons, with which fruit flies perfume themselves in species-specific blends, are known to be important in courtship, and apparently this assists flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates to distinguish their own species from that of others.

(A) and apparently this assists flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates to distinguish their own species from that of

(B) and apparently this assists flies when they taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates in distinguishing their own species from those of

(C) which apparently assists flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates in being able to distinguish their own species from

(D) apparently assisting flies to taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates to distinguish their own species from those of

(E) apparently assisting flies that taste the hydrocarbons on prospective mates in distinguishing their own species from

D。assist习语搭配不正确；选项改变了原句的动受关系：to taste作assist的受词，to distinguish作taste的受词，完全改变了句子意思；those没有指代对象，即使改为that，也不正确

错选D，正确为E。看解释已明白those of不正确。仍然困惑的是关于 to do的问题。to taste作assist的受词，to distinguish作taste的受词，完全改变了句子意思，这句解释有些不明白。为什么完全改变了句子意思。。。

求指教。多谢。

单纯讨论to do与that用法区别的问题，再问一例

147。Australian embryologists have found evidence that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.

(A) that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved

(B) that has suggested the elephant descended from an aquatic animal, its trunk originally evolving

(D) to suggest that the elephant has descended from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally evolved

(E) to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved

为什么这里用to do 而不用that...

作者: glaxosmith 时间: 2011-12-4 21:28

大概讲一下我的理解吧。assist sb. to do sth.也不能算是绝对
的语法错误，但是要保证逻辑是正确的，因为to do sth.这样的不定
式是表目的的，即assist sb.的目的是to do sth.。而且这种表目的
的不定式逻辑主语与assist应该是一致的。相比较而已，assist sb.
in doing sth.择优非常不同的含义，表过程而非目的，而且doing
sth.的逻辑主语是这里面被assisted的sb.而不是assist的发起者。
lz大概体会一下吧。我觉得区别还是挺明显的。
研究一下150这道题，Hydrocarbons assist fruit flies in
distinguishing from ...，distinguish的主语是fruit flies，如
果用to distinguish的话，distinguish的逻辑主语就变成了
Hydrocarbon，这就讲不通了。
在我看来，147这道题的错误并不是用that还是to do，因为
embryologists和evidence都可以作为suggest的主语。A里面的错误
是逗号以及后跟的and its trunk ...。这个逗号和and使后面的句子
与前面的embryologists have found平行了，导致了its没有指代对
象，而且破坏了原句的含义，即这部分也是suggest的内容之一。
归根到底，理解逻辑还是很重要的。

作者: LoveY 时间: 2011-12-5 19:11

醍醐灌顶，万分感谢。

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